Optimizing quantum cloning circuit parameters based on adaptive guided differential evolution algorithm

Highlights

• AGDE is utilized to optimize quantum cloning circuit parameters.

• The experimental results reveal that AGDE is outperformed the other well-known metaheuristics algorithms.

• AGDE is minimized the parameter values of cloning difference error value down to 10⁻⁸.

• The qualitative and quantitative measurements proved the superiority of AGDE.

Abstract

Introduction

Quantum cloning operation, started with no-go theorem which proved that there is no capability to perform a cloning operation on an unknown quantum state, however, a number of trials proved that we can make approximate quantum state cloning that is still with some errors.

Objectives

To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first of its kind to attempt using meta-heuristic algorithm such as Adaptive Guided Differential Evolution (AGDE), to tackle the problem of quantum cloning circuit parameters to enhance the cloning fidelity.

Methods

To investigate the effectiveness of the AGDE, the extensive experiments have demonstrated that the AGDE can achieve outstanding performance compared to other well-known meta-heuristics including; Enhanced LSHADE-SPACMA Algorithm (ELSHADE-SPACMA), Enhanced Differential Evolution algorithm with novel control parameter adaptation (PaDE), Improved Multi-operator Differential Evolution Algorithm (IMODE), Parameters with adaptive learning mechanism (PALM), QUasi-Affine TRansformation Evolutionary algorithm (QUATRE), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Gravitational Search Algorithm (GSA), Cuckoo Search (CS), Bat-inspired Algorithm (BA), Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO), and Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA).

Results

In the present study, AGDE is applied to improve the fidelity of quantum cloning problem and the obtained parameter values minimize the cloning difference error value down to ${10}^{-8}$.

Conclusion

Accordingly, the qualitative and quantitative measurements including average, standard deviation, convergence curves of the competitive algorithms over 30 independent runs, proved the superiority of AGDE to enhance the cloning fidelity.