Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Detection of MOG-IgG by cell-based assay: moving from discovery to clinical practice

  • Review Article
  • Published:
Neurological Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) is a unique CNS-specific mammalian protein that is expressed on the surface of compact myelin and oligodendrocyte cell bodies. MOG is an accessible target for autoantibodies, associated with immune-mediated demyelination in the central nervous system. The identification of MOG reactive immunoglobulin G antibodies (MOG-IgG) helps to distinguish a subgroup of patients from multiple sclerosis and other CNS disorders, reducing the risk of clinical misdiagnosis. The development of the cell-based assays (CBA) improved the detection of clinically meaningful MOG-IgG binding to conformational MOG expressed in the cell membrane surface. In this review, we describe factors that impact on the results of CBA, such as MOG conformation, protein glycosylation, addition of fluorescent tags, serum dilution, secondary antibodies, and data interpretation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article.

Abbreviations

ADEM:

acute disseminated encephalomyelitis

AQP4:

aquaporin-4

CBA:

cell-based assay

CHO:

Chinese hamster ovary

CNS:

central nervous system

eGFP:

enhanced green fluorescent protein

ELISA:

enzyme-linked immunonosorbent assay

FACS:

fluorescence-activated cell sorting

FITC:

fluorescein isothiocyanate

FL-MOG:

full-length MOG

GFP:

green fluorescent protein

HEK293:

human embryonic kidney 293

IIF:

indirect immunofluorescence

IgG:

immunoglobulin G

IgM:

immunoglobulin M

LGI1:

leucine-rich glioma inactivated 1

MFI:

median fluorescent intensity

MHC:

major histocompatibility complex

MOG:

myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein

mRNA:

messenger ribonucleic acid

NMOSD:

neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder

PEI:

polyethylenimine

RIA:

radioimmunoassay

SL-MOG:

short-length MOG

WB:

western blot

References

  1. Ramanathan S, Dale RC, Brilot F (2016) Anti-MOG antibody: the history, clinical phenotype, and pathogenicity of a serum biomarker for demyelination. Autoimmun Rev 15:307–324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autrev.2015.12.004

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Narayan R, Simpson A, Fritsche K, Salama S, Pardo S, Mealy M, Paul F, Levy M (2018) MOG antibody disease: a review of MOG antibody seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. Mult Scler Relat Disord 25:66–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2018.07.025

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Asseyer S, Schmidt F, Chien C, Scheel M, Ruprecht K, Bellmann-Strobl J, Brandt AU, Paul F (2018) Pain in AQP4-IgG-positive and MOG-IgG-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders. Mult Scler J Exp Transl Clin 4:1–12. https://doi.org/10.1177/2055217318796684

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Jarius S, Ruprecht K, Stellmann JP, Huss A, Ayzenberg I, Willing A, Trebst C, Pawlitzki M, Abdelhak A, Grüter T, Leypoldt F, Haas J, Kleiter I, Tumani H, Fechner K, Reindl M, Paul F, Wildemann B (2018) MOG-IgG in primary and secondary chronic progressive multiple sclerosis: a multicenter study of 200 patients and review of the literature. J Neuroinflammation 15:88. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-018-1108-6

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  5. O’Connor KC, McLaughlin KA, De Jager PL, Chitnis T, Bettelli E, Xu C et al (2007) Self-antigen tetramers discriminate between myelin autoantibodies to native or denatured protein. Nat Med 13:211–217. https://doi.org/10.1038/nm1488

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  6. dos Passos GR, Oliveira LM, da Costa BK, Apostolos-Pereira SL, Callegaro D, Fujihara K, Sato DK (2018) MOG-IgG-associated optic neuritis, encephalitis, and myelitis: lessons learned from neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. Front Neurol 9:1–10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2018.00217

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Rosenthal JF, Hoffman BM, Tyor WR (2020) CNS inflammatory demyelinating disorders: MS, NMOSD and MOG antibody associated disease. J Investig Med 68:321–330. https://doi.org/10.1136/jim-2019-001126

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Ogawa R, Nakashima I, Takahashi T, Kaneko K, Akaishi T, Takai Y, Sato DK, Nishiyama S, Misu T, Kuroda H, Aoki M, Fujihara K (2017) MOG antibody-positive, benign, unilateral, cerebral cortical encephalitis with epilepsy. Neurol Neuroimmunol NeuroInflammation 4:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000000322

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Hamid SHM, Whittam D, Saviour M, Alorainy A, Mutch K, Linaker S, Solomon T, Bhojak M, Woodhall M, Waters P, Appleton R, Duddy M, Jacob A (2018) Seizures and encephalitis in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein IgG disease vs aquaporin 4 IgG disease. JAMA Neurol 75:65–71. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaneurol.2017.3196

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Musso G, Nosadini M, Gallo N, Sartori S, Seguso M, Plebani M (2020) Possible clinical role of MOG antibody testing in children presenting with acute neurological symptoms. Neurol Sci 41:2553–2559. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-020-04379-5

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Jarius S, Paul F, Aktas O, Asgari N, Dale RC, de Seze J, Franciotta D, Fujihara K, Jacob A, Kim HJ, Kleiter I, Kümpfel T, Levy M, Palace J, Ruprecht K, Saiz A, Trebst C, Weinshenker BG, Wildemann B (2018) MOG encephalomyelitis: international recommendations on diagnosis and antibody testing. J Neuroinflammation 15:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00115-018-0607-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Reindl M, Waters P (2019) Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies in neurological disease. Nat Rev Neurol 15:89–102. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41582-018-0112-x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Hacohen Y, Banwell B (2019) Treatment approaches for MOG-Ab-associated demyelination in children. Curr Treat Options Neurol 21:2. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11940-019-0541-x

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  14. Fujihara K, Sato DK, Nakashima I, Takahashi T, Kaneko K, Ogawa R, Akaishi T, Matsumoto Y, Takai Y, Nishiyama S, Kuroda H, Misu T, Aoki M (2018) Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein immunoglobulin G-associated disease: an overview. Clin Exp Neuroimmunol. 9:48–55. https://doi.org/10.1111/cen3.12434

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Johns TG, Bernard CCA (1999) The structure and function of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein. J Neurochem 72:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0720001.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Pham-Dinh D, Mattei MG, Nussbaum JL, Roussel G, Pontarotti P, Roeckel N, Mather IH, Artzt K, Lindahl KF, Dautigny A (1993) Myelin/oligodendrocyte glycoprotein is a member of a subset of the immunoglobulin superfamily encoded within the major histocompatibility complex. Proc Natl Acad Sci 90:7990–7994. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.90.17.7990

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Allamargot C, Gardinier MV (2007) Alternative isoforms of myelin/oligodendrocyte glycoprotein with variable cytoplasmic domains are expressed in human brain. J Neurochem 101:298–312. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04296.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Boyle LH, Traherne JA, Plotnek G, Ward R, Trowsdale J (2007) Splice variation in the cytoplasmic domains of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein affects its cellular localisation and transport. J Neurochem 102:1853–1862. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04687.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  19. della Gaspera B, Pham-Dinh D, Roussel G, Nussbaum J-L, Dautigny A (1998) Membrane topology of the myelin/oligodendrocyte glycoprotein. Eur J Biochem 258:478–484. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1432-1327.1998.2580478.x

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Scolding NJ, Frith S, Linington C, Morgan BP, Campbell AK, Compston DAS (1989) Myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) is a surface marker of oligodendrocyte maturation. J Neuroimmunol 22:169–176. https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-5728(89)90014-3

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Burger D, Steck AJ, Bernard CCA, de Rosbo NK (1993) Human myelin/oligodendrocyte glycoprotein: a new member of the L2/HNK-1 family. J Neurochem 61:1822–1827. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1993.tb09822.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Dyer CA, Matthieu J-M (1994) Antibodies to myelin/oligodendrocyte-specific protein and myelin/oligodendrocyte glycoprotein signal distinct changes in the Organization of Cultured Oligodendroglial Membrane Sheets. J Neurochem 62:777–787. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.62020777.x

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Johns TG, Bernard CCA (1997) Binding of complement component Clq to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein: a novel mechanism for regulating CNS inflammation. Mol Immunol 34:33–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0161-5890(97)00005-9

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. von Büdingen HC, Mei F, Greenfield A, Jahn S, Shen YAA, Reid HH, McKemy DD, Chan JR (2015) The myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein directly binds nerve growth factor to modulate central axon circuitry. J Cell Biol 210:891–898. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201504106

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Reindl M, Linington C, Brehm U, Egg R, Dilitz E, Deisenhammer F, Poewe W, Berger T (1999) Antibodies against the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein and the myelin basic protein in multiple sclerosis and other neurological diseases: a comparative study. Brain. 122:2047–2056. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/122.11.2047

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Berger T, Rubner P, Schautzer F, Egg R, Ulmer H, Mayringer I, Dilitz E, Deisenhammer F, Reindl M (2003) Antimyelin antibodies as a predictor of clinically definite multiple sclerosis after a first demyelinating event. N Engl J Med 349:139–145. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa022328

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Egg R, Reindl M, Deisenhammer F, Linington C, Berger T (2001) Anti-MOG and anti-MBP antibody subclasses in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 7:285–289. https://doi.org/10.1191/135245801681137979

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Di Pauli F, Mader S, Rostasy K, Schanda K, Bajer-Kornek B, Ehling R et al (2011) Temporal dynamics of anti-MOG antibodies in CNS demyelinating diseases. Clin Immunol 138:247–254. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2010.11.013

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Brilot F, Dale RC, Selter RC, Grummel V, Kalluri SR, Aslam M et al (2009) Antibodies to native myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein in children with inflammatory demyelinating central nervous system disease. Ann Neurol 66:833–842. https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.21916

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Lalive PH, Häusler MG, Maurey H, Mikaeloff Y, Tardieu M, Wiendl H, Schroeter M, Hartung HP, Kieseier BC, Menge T (2011) Highly reactive anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies differentiate demyelinating diseases from viral encephalitis in children. Mult Scler J 17:297–302. https://doi.org/10.1177/1352458510389220

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Mader S, Gredler V, Schanda K, Rostasy K, Dujmovic I, Pfaller K, Lutterotti A, Jarius S, di Pauli F, Kuenz B, Ehling R, Hegen H, Deisenhammer F, Aboul-Enein F, Storch MK, Koson P, Drulovic J, Kristoferitsch W, Berger T, Reindl M (2011) Complement activating antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein in neuromyelitis optica and related disorders. J Neuroinflammation 8:1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-2094-8-184

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Rostásy K, Mader S, Hennes EM, Schanda K, Gredler V, Guenther A, Blaschek A, Korenke C, Pritsch M, Pohl D, Maier O, Kuchukhidze G, Brunner-Krainz M, Berger T, Reindl M (2013) Persisting myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies in aquaporin-4 antibody negative pediatric neuromyelitis optica. Mult Scler J 19:1052–1059. https://doi.org/10.1177/1352458512470310

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Kitley J, Woodhall M, Waters P, Leite MI, Devenney E, Craig J, Palace J, Vincent A (2012) Myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies in adults with a neuromyelitis optica phenotype. Neurology. 79:1273–1277. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e31826aac4e

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Rostasy K, Mader S, Schanda K, Huppke P, Gärtner J, Kraus V, Karenfort M, Tibussek D, Blaschek A, Bajer-Kornek B, Leitz S, Schimmel M, di Pauli F, Berger T, Reindl M (2012) Anti–myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies in pediatric patients with optic neuritis. Arch Neurol 69:752–756. https://doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.2956

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Oliveira LM, Apóstolos-Pereira SL, Pitombeira MS, Bruel Torretta PH, Callegaro D, Sato DK (2018) Persistent MOG-IgG positivity is a predictor of recurrence in MOG-IgG-associated optic neuritis, encephalitis and myelitis. Mult Scler J 25:1907–1914. https://doi.org/10.1177/1352458518811597

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Jurynczyk M, Messina S, Woodhall MR, Raza N, Everett R, Roca-Fernandez A, Tackley G, Hamid S, Sheard A, Reynolds G, Chandratre S, Hemingway C, Jacob A, Vincent A, Leite MI, Waters P, Palace J (2017) Clinical presentation and prognosis in MOG-antibody disease: a UK study. Brain. 140:3128–3138. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awx276

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Cobo-Calvo A, Ruiz A, Maillart E, Audoin B, Zephir H, Bourre B, Ciron J, Collongues N, Brassat D, Cotton F, Papeix C, Durand-Dubief F, Laplaud D, Deschamps R, Cohen M, Biotti D, Ayrignac X, Tilikete C, Thouvenot E, Brochet B, Dulau C, Moreau T, Tourbah A, Lebranchu P, Michel L, Lebrun-Frenay C, Montcuquet A, Mathey G, Debouverie M, Pelletier J, Labauge P, Derache N, Coustans M, Rollot F, de Seze J, Vukusic S, Marignier R, OFSEP and NOMADMUS Study Group (2018) Clinical spectrum and prognostic value of CNS MOG autoimmunity in adults. Neurology. 90:e1858–e1869. https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000005560

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Pröbstel AK, Dornmair K, Bittner R, Sperl P, Jenne D, Magalhaes S et al (2011) Antibodies to MOG are transient in childhood acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. Neurology. 77:580–588. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e318228c0b1

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Duignan S, Wright S, Rossor T, Cazabon J, Gilmour K, Ciccarelli O, Wassmer E, Lim M, Hemingway C, Hacohen Y (2018) Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein and aquaporin-4 antibodies are highly specific in children with acquired demyelinating syndromes. Dev Med Child Neurol 60:958–962. https://doi.org/10.1111/dmcn.13703

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Haase CG, Guggenmos J, Brehm U, Andersson M, Olsson T, Reindl M, Schneidewind JM, Zettl UK, Heidenreich F, Berger T, Wekerle H, Hohlfeld R, Linington C (2001) The fine specificity of the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein autoantibody response in patients with multiple sclerosis and normal healthy controls. J Neuroimmunol 114:220–225. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-5728(00)00462-8

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Pittock SJ, Reindl M, Achenbach S, Berger T, Bruck W, Konig F, Morales Y, Lassmann H, Bryant S, Moore SB, Keegan BM, Lucchinetti CF (2007) Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies in pathologically proven multiple sclerosis: frequency, stability and clinicopathologic correlations. Mult Scler 13:7–16. https://doi.org/10.1177/1352458506072189

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Pelayo R, Tintoré M, Montalban X, Rovira A, Espejo C, Reindl M, Berger T (2007) Antimyelin antibodies with no progression to multiple sclerosis. N Engl J Med 356:426–428. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc062467

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Waters PJ, Komorowski L, Woodhall M, Lederer S, Majed M, Fryer J, Mills J, Flanagan EP, Irani SR, Kunchok AC, McKeon A, Pittock SJ (2019) A multicenter comparison of MOG-IgG cell-based assays. Neurology. 92:e1250–e1255. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000007096

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  44. Peng Y, Liu L, Zheng Y, Qiao Z, Feng K, Wang J (2018) Diagnostic implications of MOG/AQP4 antibodies in recurrent optic neuritis. Exp Ther Med 16:950–958. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2018.6273

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  45. Jacobsen LB, Calvin SA, Lobenhofer EK (2009) Transcriptional effects of transfection: the potential for misinterpretation of gene expression data generated from transiently transfected cells. Biotechniques. 47:617–624. https://doi.org/10.2144/000113132

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Hennes E-M, Baumann M, Lechner C, Rostásy K (2018) MOG Spectrum disorders and role of MOG-antibodies in clinical practice. Neuropediatrics. 49:3–11. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1604404

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Waters P, Woodhall M, O’Connor KC, Reindl M, Lang B, Sato DK et al (2015) MOG cell-based assay detects non-MS patients with inflammatory neurologic disease. Neurol Neuroimmunol NeuroInflammation. 2:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000000089

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Gerdes H-H, Kaether C (1996) Green fluorescent protein: applications in cell biology. FEBS Lett 389:44–47. https://doi.org/10.1016/0014-5793(96)00586-8

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Pines J (1995) GFP in mammalian cells. Trends Genet 11:326–327. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9525(00)89092-7

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Ohba Y, Fujioka Y, Nakada S, Tsuda M (2013) Fluorescent protein-based biosensors and their clinical applications. Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci 113:313–348. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-386932-6.00008-9

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Liu H-S, Jan M-S, Chou C-K, Chen P-H, Ke N-J (1999) Is green fluorescent protein toxic to the living cells? Biochem Biophys Res Commun 260:712–717. https://doi.org/10.1006/BBRC.1999.0954

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Mader S, Lutterotti A, Di Pauli F, Kuenz B, Schanda K, Aboul-Enein F et al (2010) Patterns of antibody binding to aquaporin-4 isoforms in neuromyelitis optica. PLoS One 5:1–7. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0010455

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Dash AK, Yende AS, Tyagi RK (2017) Novel application of red fluorescent protein (DsRed-express) for the study of functional dynamics of nuclear receptors. J Fluoresc 27:1225–1231. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10895-017-2109-z

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  54. Waters PJ, Pittock SJ, Bennett JL, Jarius S, Weinshenker BG, Wingerchuk DM (2014) Evaluation of aquaporin-4 antibody assays. Clin Exp Neuroimmunol 5:290–303. https://doi.org/10.1111/cen3.12107

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  55. Cobo-Calvo A, Sepúlveda M, Rollot F, Armangué T, Ruiz A, Maillart E, Papeix C, Audoin B, Zephir H, Biotti D, Ciron J, Durand-Dubief F, Collongues N, Ayrignac X, Labauge P, Thouvenot E, Bourre B, Montcuquet A, Cohen M, Deschamps R, Solà-Valls N, Llufriu S, de Seze J, Blanco Y, Vukusic S, Saiz A, Marignier R (2019) Evaluation of treatment response in adults with relapsing MOG-Ab-associated disease. J Neuroinflammation 16:1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-019-1525-1

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Pedreño M, Sepúlveda M, Armangué T, Sabater L, Martínez-Hernandez E, Arrambide G, Blanco Y, Llufriu S, Martínez-Lapiscina EH, Mulero P, Sola-Valls N, Ruiz-García R, Tintoré M, Dalmau J, Graus F, Saiz A (2019) Frequency and relevance of IgM, and IgA antibodies against MOG in MOG-IgG-associated disease. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 28:230–234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2019.01.007

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Mariotto S, Ferrari S, Monaco S, Benedetti MD, Schanda K, Alberti D, Farinazzo A, Capra R, Mancinelli C, de Rossi N, Bombardi R, Zuliani L, Zoccarato M, Tanel R, Bonora A, Turatti M, Calabrese M, Polo A, Pavone A, Grazian L, Sechi GP, Sechi E, Urso D, Delogu R, Janes F, Deotto L, Cadaldini M, Bianchi MR, Cantalupo G, Reindl M, Gajofatto A (2017) Clinical spectrum and IgG subclass analysis of anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated syndromes: a multicenter study. J Neurol 264:2420–2430. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-017-8635-4

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  58. Gastaldi M, Scaranzin S, Jarius S, Wildeman B, Zardini E, Mallucci G, Rigoni E, Vegezzi E, Foiadelli T, Savasta S, Banfi P, Versino M, Benedetti L, Novi G, Mancardi MM, Giacomini T, Annovazzi P, Baroncini D, Ferraro D, Lampasona V, Reindl M, Waters P, Franciotta D (2020) Cell-based assays for the detection of MOG antibodies: a comparative study. J Neurol:1–10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-020-10024-0

  59. Kim Y, Hyun J-W, Woodhall MR, Oh Y-M, Lee J-E, Jung JY, Kim SY, Lee MY, Kim SH, Kim W, Irani SR, Waters P, Choi K, Kim HJ (2020) Refining cell-based assay to detect MOG-IgG in patients with central nervous system inflammatory diseases. Mult Scler Relat Disord. 40:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2020.101939

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Sugimoto K, Mori M, Liu J, Tanaka S, Kaneko K, Oji S, Takahashi T, Uzawa A, Uchida T, Masuda H, Ohtani R, Nomura K, Hiwasa T, Kuwabara S (2019) The accuracy of flow cytometric cell-based assay to detect anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies determining the optimal method for positivity judgement. J Neuroimmunol 336:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneuroim.2019.577021

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Waters P, Reindl M, Saiz A, Schanda K, Tuller F, Kral V, Nytrova P, Sobek O, Nielsen HH, Barington T, Lillevang ST, Illes Z, Rentzsch K, Berthele A, Berki T, Granieri L, Bertolotto A, Giometto B, Zuliani L, Hamann D, van Pelt ED, Hintzen R, Höftberger R, Costa C, Comabella M, Montalban X, Tintoré M, Siva A, Altintas A, Deniz G, Woodhall M, Palace J, Paul F, Hartung HP, Aktas O, Jarius S, Wildemann B, Vedeler C, Ruiz A, Leite MI, Trillenberg P, Probst M, Saschenbrecker S, Vincent A, Marignier R (2016) Multicentre comparison of a diagnostic assay: Aquaporin-4 antibodies in neuromyelitis optica. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 87:1005–1015. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2015-312601

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  62. Reindl M, Schanda K, Woodhall M, Tea F, Ramanathan S, Sagen J, Fryer JP, Mills J, Teegen B, Mindorf S, Ritter N, Krummrei U, Stöcker W, Eggert J, Flanagan EP, Ramberger M, Hegen H, Rostasy K, Berger T, Leite MI, Palace J, Irani SR, Dale RC, Probst C, Probst M, Brilot F, Pittock SJ, Waters P (2020) An international multicenter examination of MOG antibody assays. Neuroimmunol Neuroinfllammation 7:1–12. https://doi.org/10.1212/nxi.0000000000000674

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

This review is based on research supported by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior, Brasil (CAPES), Finance Code 001.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Neuroinflammation and Neuroimmunology Lab, Brain Institute of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil

    Amanda Marchionatti & Douglas Kazutoshi Sato

  2. School of Medicine, Graduate Program in Pediatrics and Child Health, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil

    Amanda Marchionatti & Douglas Kazutoshi Sato

  3. Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, UK

    Mark Woodhall & Patrick Joseph Waters

Authors
  1. Amanda Marchionatti
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Mark Woodhall
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Patrick Joseph Waters
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Douglas Kazutoshi Sato
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

All authors contributed to the manuscript preparation and wrote, read, and approved the submitted version.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Douglas Kazutoshi Sato.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that this research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

AM has received a scholarship from CAPES/Brazil.

MW has no disclosures.

PW and the University of Oxford hold patents and receive royalties for antibody assays. PW has received honoraria from Alexion and UBC and a research grant from Euroimmun AG.

DKS has received a scholarship from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) of Japan; a Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (KAKENHI 15K19472); research support from CNPq/Brazil (425331/2016-4), FAPERGS/MS/CNPq/SESRS (17/2551-0001391-3) PPSUS/Brazil, TEVA (research grant for EMOCEMP Investigator Initiated Study), and Euroimmun AG (Neuroimmunological Complications associated with Arboviruses); and speaker honoraria from Biogen, Novartis, Genzyme, TEVA, Merck Serono, Roche, and Bayer and has participated in advisory boards for Shire, Roche, TEVA, Merck Serono, and Quest/Athena Diagnostics.

Ethics approval

Not applicable.

Informed consent

 Not applicable.

Consent for publication

Not applicable.

Competing interests

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Marchionatti, A., Woodhall, M., Waters, P.J. et al. Detection of MOG-IgG by cell-based assay: moving from discovery to clinical practice. Neurol Sci 42, 73–80 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-020-04828-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-020-04828-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation