Reactivity and Curing Efficiency of Isocyanate Cross-Linkers with Imidazole-Based Blocking Agents for Low-Temperature Curing of Automotive Clearcoats
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Preparation of Clearcoats
2.1.1. Materials
2.1.2. Synthesis of Isocyanate Cross-Linkers Blocked with Imidazole Derivatives
2.1.3. Formulation of Clearcoats with Imidazole-BIs
2.2. Characterization Methods
2.2.1. In-Situ FT-IR Analysis
2.2.2. Density Functional Theory (DFT) Simulation
2.2.3. Measurement of Real-Time Rheological Properties of Various Clearcoats
2.2.4. Measurement of Surface Mechanical Properties of Cured Clearcoat Films
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. FT-IR Analysis for the Dissociation of Imidazole-BIs
3.2. DFT Calculations of Imidazole-BIs
3.3. Real-Time Curing Behaviors of Clearcoats with Imidazole-BIs
3.4. Surface Mechanical Properties of Cured Thin Clearcoat Films
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Clearcoats | CC-Imi | CC-MI | CC-EI | CC-IPI | CC-PL350 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Polyester polyol (NV = 60%) | 1 g | |||||
Blocked isocyanate (BI) | BI-Imi | 2.11 g | - | - | - | - |
BI-MI | - | 2.22 g | - | - | -- | |
BI-EI | - | - | 2.34 g | - | - | |
BI-IPI | - | - | - | 2.87 g | - | |
BI-PL350 | - | - | - | - | 1.54 g | |
BYK 306 | 0.016 g | |||||
Total | 3.126 g | 3.236 g | 3.356 g | 3.886 g | 2.556 g |
Blocked Isocyanate | BDE (kcal/mol) | Ea (kcal/mol) | C–N Charge Difference | H–N Distance (Å) |
---|---|---|---|---|
BI-Imi | 13.78 | 53.7217 | 1.303 | 2.486 |
BI-MI | 13.08 | 53.1877 | 1.302 | 2.477 |
BI-EI | 12.89 | 52.9882 | 1.303 | 2.473 |
BI-IPI | 12.52 | 52.9066 | 1.301 | 2.472 |
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Choi, M.; Kim, M.G.; Jung, K.I.; Lee, T.H.; Ha, M.; Hyung, W.; Jung, H.W.; Noh, S.M. Reactivity and Curing Efficiency of Isocyanate Cross-Linkers with Imidazole-Based Blocking Agents for Low-Temperature Curing of Automotive Clearcoats. Coatings 2020, 10, 974. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10100974
Choi M, Kim MG, Jung KI, Lee TH, Ha M, Hyung W, Jung HW, Noh SM. Reactivity and Curing Efficiency of Isocyanate Cross-Linkers with Imidazole-Based Blocking Agents for Low-Temperature Curing of Automotive Clearcoats. Coatings. 2020; 10(10):974. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10100974
Chicago/Turabian StyleChoi, Moonhyun, Maeng Gi Kim, Kevin Injoe Jung, Tae Hee Lee, Miran Ha, Woochan Hyung, Hyun Wook Jung, and Seung Man Noh. 2020. "Reactivity and Curing Efficiency of Isocyanate Cross-Linkers with Imidazole-Based Blocking Agents for Low-Temperature Curing of Automotive Clearcoats" Coatings 10, no. 10: 974. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10100974