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Physiological, biochemical, and metabolic responses of a Taxus baccata L. callus culture under drought stress

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Abstract

The metabolic stimulation induced by abiotic stress is an efficient strategy for the production of secondary metabolites in sterile and controlled plant cell, tissue, and organ cultures. Paclitaxel (taxol), one of the most widely used therapeutic compounds for the treatment of various cancers, is mainly produced through cell culture of the European yew (Taxus baccata L.). In this work, a T. baccata callus culture was subjected to drought stress induced in vitro by mannitol and sorbitol (1, 2, 3, and 4%) and sucrose (6 and 8%) to evaluate its impact on physiological and biochemical traits as well as paclitaxel and 10-deacetyl baccatin III (10-DBA) production. It was observed that drought stress caused a significant increase (P < 0.05) in dry weight, proline, soluble sugars, hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation, total phenolics, flavonoids, and flavonols, and a decrease in relative water content, fresh weight, relative growth rate, and cell viability. Constitutive activities of superoxide dismutase, guaiacol peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, and glutathione reductase were enhanced by the induced stress. The content of paclitaxel and 10-DBA was higher in stressed cultures than in the control. It can be concluded that T. baccata cells have a protection mechanism against oxidative damage involving induced activities of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. The induction of moderate drought stress could therefore be an effective strategy for increasing taxanes production in T. baccata callus cultures.

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Acknowledgements

The authors express their appreciation to the Research Council of Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran, and the University of Barcelona, Spain, for their financial support. We also wish to thank Miss. Zahra Aminfar and Mr. Hamid Ahadi for their kind help in data collection and taxanes analysis, respectively. This work is part of Marziyeh Sarmadi PhD’s thesis.

Funding

This study received financial support from the Research Council of Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran, and the University of Barcelona, Spain.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran

    Marziyeh Sarmadi & Naser Karimi

  2. Laboratori de Fisiologia Vegetal Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII sn, 08028, Barcelona, Spain

    Javier Palazón

  3. Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, 1983969411, Tehran, Iran

    Alireza Ghassempour

  4. Department of Agriculture, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, 1983969411, Tehran, Iran

    Mohammad Hossein Mirjalili

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  1. Marziyeh Sarmadi
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  2. Naser Karimi
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  4. Alireza Ghassempour
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  5. Mohammad Hossein Mirjalili
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Contributions

MS contributed to the conception of the study, in vitro cultures establishment, statistical analysis, and interpretation of data, and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. NK supervised the study and revised the manuscript. AGh carried out the HPLC analysis. JP hosted MS at the University of Barcelona for a short research stay and carried out biochemical analysis and revised the manuscript as well. MHM supervised the whole experiments and wrote the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Mohammad Hossein Mirjalili.

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Sarmadi, M., Karimi, N., Palazón, J. et al. Physiological, biochemical, and metabolic responses of a Taxus baccata L. callus culture under drought stress. In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Plant 56, 703–717 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-020-10128-2

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