Abstract
After the groundbreaking works of Joseph Schumpeter, a burgeoning literature related to innovations emerged. As works in this tradition have progressed, the innovation literature has recognized that the keystone to stimulate innovation across all economies relies on Research and Development (R&D) activities. As well occur in all modern economies, innovation and R&D have drawn the attention of the academic literature and governments in Latin America and the Caribbean countries (LAC). However, the process of innovation and R&D investments in LAC have different signatures, which may result in a complex and fragmented literature. As a novelty, this research explains how innovation and R&D are fundamental in modern times and brings new systematic literature review of the state-of the-art in innovation and R&D in manufacturing industries across LAC. The results suggests that the LAC has great challenges and opportunities. The review demonstrates that after decades of investment, innovation and R&D gains prominence and firms invest more on these activities. However, the development and investment in these activities, especially considering the government support and firm cooperation are frustrating when compared to OECD countries and Asian Tigers’ economies, and yet much remains to be done by the governments.
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Notes
Schumpeter’s vision of creative destruction was faithful to the full cycle of the Promethean myth – no matter how high the mountain raised by the innovator, it is inevitably crumbling beneath his feet (Steinmueller 2010, p. 1202).
Starting with \(E_{\Delta } {-}\infty = \alpha\), where the innovation ends. This means that everything that has a beginning must have an end. If the destruction is indicated by \(E_{\Delta } - \infty = \alpha \to \beta ,E_{\Delta } - \infty\) represents the negative variation in one infinite space. Whatever has an end must have a beginning. The hardest part is the ending, which consists in starting to create again in a neutral space \(E_{\Delta } \pm \infty = \varphi\). The creation means the beginning of the reverse process, where \(E_{\Delta } + \infty\) represents the positive variation in one infinite space. The innovation emerges in one new mind concept φ which culminates in an intelligent phase, with new ideas and possibilities. The following process \(E_{\Delta } + \infty = \varphi \to \beta\) goes in the direction of the creation phase, materializing each new truly ideas and/or improving them. The end of the process results in a truly new innovation or an adaptation on the temporary innovation process \(E_{\Delta } + \infty = \alpha\).
The underlying vision of innovation, Promethean myth, indicates that the crumbling is an inevitable cycle based on the destruction of the innovation and inversion of poles in an endless innovation cycle over a gradual transformation.
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We thank the editors, and the anonymous reviewers for insightful comments that helped us improve and refine the ideas presented in this systematic literature review. We also thank the Academy of International Business—AIB Latin America and the Caribbean Chapter (LAC) 2020 for the opportunity to present this paper and to contribute with the innovation and R&D literatures on developing economies, regarding Latin American and the Caribbean countries. Also thank Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Grant No. 001).
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Viglioni, M.T.D., de Brito, M.J. & Calegario, C.L.L. Innovation and R&D in Latin America and the Caribbean countries: a systematic literature review. Scientometrics 125, 2131–2167 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-020-03714-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-020-03714-z