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Fluorescence-Based Detection of Cholesterol Using Inclusion Complex of Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin and l-Tryptophan as the Fluorescence Probe

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Abstract

Purpose

The study is inspired by the fact that intravenous administration of 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrins (HP-β-CD) in rats leads to a rapid decrease in plasma cholesterol levels. Further, HP-β-CD being more water soluble than native β-CD, HP-β-CD forms soluble complex with cholesterol and higher affinity of cholesterol towards HP-β-CD than native β-CD leads to increase sensitivity. Hence, present work reports potential use of HP-β-CD as a chemosensor to detect cholesterol aided with l-tryptophan (l-Trp) as a fluorescence probe. The purpose of the study is to develop fast, cost-effective, and high throughput fluorescence-based chemosensor as convenient point-of-care diagnostic method for cholesterol detection.

Methods

The host-guest interaction of l-Trp with HP-β-CD was elaborately studied using characterization techniques such as FT-IR, NMR, and DSC. Time and concentration dependent interactions were studied to determine the stoichiometry of molecular inclusion complexes of HP-β-CD with l-Trp. Further, the inclusion complex of HP-β-CD with l-tryptophan is explored to detect cholesterol based on the competitive displacement phenomenon and further explored for detecting different concentrations of cholesterol.

Results

Fluorescence spectroscopic data revealed that HP-β-CD served as a quencher for l-Trp. Also, promising results of the displacement assay proved that the fluorescence of l-Trp was quenched by HP-β-CD followed by increase in fluorescence signals in quantitative relation with cholesterol as it replaces l-Trp from the HP-β-CD host.

Conclusion

The present investigation is a proof-of-concept that proves the potential of HP-β-CD with l-Trp as a novel fluorescence–based technique for cholesterol detection which is developed using competitive host–guest interaction.

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Data Availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

Authors are thankful to Ramanujan fellowship research grant (SR/S2/RJN-139/2011), Ramalingaswami fellowship research grant (BT/RLF/Re-entry/51/2011), University Grant Commission-Basic Science Research (UGC-BSR), Department of Biotechnology for funding.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, 400019, India

    Akshay Holkar, Sharwari Ghodke & Ratnesh Jain

  2. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, 400019, India

    Prachi Bangde & Prajakta Dandekar

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  1. Akshay Holkar
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  2. Sharwari Ghodke
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  4. Prajakta Dandekar
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by Akshay Holkar, Sharwari Ghodke, and Prachi Bangde. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Akshay Holkar, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Prajakta Dandekar or Ratnesh Jain.

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Holkar, A., Ghodke, S., Bangde, P. et al. Fluorescence-Based Detection of Cholesterol Using Inclusion Complex of Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin and l-Tryptophan as the Fluorescence Probe. J Pharm Innov 17, 170–179 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12247-020-09503-8

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