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A hydroponic-based efficient hardening protocol for in vitro raised commercial kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa)

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Abstract

Actinidia deliciosa is a commercially important plant receiving recognition because of its high nutritive value. This study presents an efficient protocol for the hardening of in vitro raised Actinidia deliciosa plants using a hydroponic method. Leaf explants inoculated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 5.00 μM 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 1.00 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) resulted in 5.28 ± 0.14 shoots per explants and 8.33 ± 1.80 cm average shoot length. Rooting was achieved through half-strength MS medium supplemented with 1.5 μM indolebutyric acid (IBA) and 0.6 μM BAP. Maximum root number (12.76 ± 1.08) and 6.78 ± 0.25 cm average root length were recorded from plantlets using half-strength MS medium supplemented with 1.5 μM indolebutyric acid (IBA) and 0.6 μM BAP. In hydroponic system, an average root length of 22.40 ± 0.59 cm, average root number of 21.50 ± 1.24, average leaf number of 4.50 ± 0.40, and average shoot length of 9.71 ± 0.29 cm were observed in Hoagland & Arnon solution. The early development of shoots, roots, and leaves through hydroponics was advantageous in establishment of micropropagated plants in a greenhouse. Complete 100% plant survival was found by following proper acclimatization using hydroponic method. The study underlines the efficient hardening of micropropagated plants of A. deliciosa through hydroponic technique in Himalayan region.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to the Director of Uttarakhand Council for Biotechnology, Haldi, and Vice Chancellor, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, for the institutional facilities. Efforts of Ms. Babeeta Singh (JRF), Mr. Lalit Mishra, and other lab workers are highly acknowledged. Society for the conservation of Nature, Anantpur, MP, is thanked for help during study design and analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Uttarakhand Council for Biotechnology, Biotech Bhavan, P.O. Haldi-263146, Pantnagar, District-U. S. Nagar, Uttarakhand, India

    Sumit Purohit & Dinesh Kumar Singh

  2. Botany Division, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248006, India

    Janhvi Mihra Rawat

  3. G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, District- U. S. Nagar, Uttarakhand, 263145, India

    Vivek Kumar Pathak

  4. School of Agriculture Sciences, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248002, India

    Balwant Rawat

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  1. Sumit Purohit
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Correspondence to Balwant Rawat.

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Purohit, S., Rawat, J.M., Pathak, V.K. et al. A hydroponic-based efficient hardening protocol for in vitro raised commercial kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa). In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.-Plant 57, 541–550 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11627-020-10127-3

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