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Experimental studies on the heat transfer characteristics of alumina/water nanofluid inside a helical coil tube

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Abstract

Laminar convective heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of Al2O3-water nanofluid were experimentally investigated inside a horizontal Helical-Coil Tube (HCT) under constant heat flux boundary conditions for Dean numbers between 400 and 1600. The experiments have been performed using Al2O3-water nanofluid of three mass concentrations and heat fluxes at different flow rates. Thermal conductivity and viscosity of the fluids are measured experimentally, and a proper agreement was observed with the new model predictions for thermo-physical properties of nanofluids. Based on the experimental results, the thermal conductivity and viscosity of Al2O3-water nanofluid were almost 2.12% and 3.1% higher than water in 1 wt% concentration. According to the observations, the heat transfer coefficients in the fully developed region increases by 6.4%, 19%, and 23.7% under 2283, 3774, and 4975 W/m2 heat fluxes, respectively, at 1 wt% concentration of Al2O3-water nanofluid with respect to pure water. Besides, it has been noticed that pressure drop through the helical coil is increased with adding nanoparticles, enhancement of heat flux, and De number. Finally, based on the thermal performance factor, it has been concluded that using nanofluids in the helical coil is a feasible method for improving energy efficiency.

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Abbreviations

a p :

Specific Area of Particle, (gr/m2)

AC :

Alternating current

Ag :

Silver

Al :

Aluminium

Al 2 O 3 :

Aluminium Oxide

C :

Correction Factor

C p :

Specific heat at constant pressure, (J/kg. K)

C pp :

Specific heat of Particle, (J/kg.K)

CMC :

Carboxymethyl Cellulose

Cu :

Copper

CuO:

Copper Oxide

D :

Coil diameter, m

d :

Coil inside diameter, m

d p :

Diameter of Nanoparticles, m

De :

Dean number

f :

Friction factor

Fe 2 O 3 :

Iron(III) oxide

H :

Coil height, m

h :

Heat transfer coefficient

h :

Nano-layer Thickness

HCT :

Helical-Coil Tube

K:

Thermal conductivity, W/m2K

K:

Kelvin

Kp :

Thermal conductivity of Particles, W/m2K

l :

Coil length, m

\( \dot{m} \) :

Mass flow rate, kg/s

mm :

Millimetre

n :

Shape Factor

nm :

Nanometre

Nu :

Nusselt number

P :

Pressure, Pa

P :

Perimeter, m

PANI :

Polyaniline

PT :

Pitch

q":

Heat flux, W/m2

R :

Dependent variable

R c :

Radius of coil, m

r :

Radius of tube, m

r p :

Radius of the Nanoparticles

Re:

Reynolds number

SDBS :

Sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate

SiO 2 :

Silicon dioxide

T :

Temperature, K

U :

Average velocity, m/s

V B :

Explainer of Brownian Velocity

X:

Independent Variable

β :

Ratio of the Nanolayer Thickness

η :

Thermal performance factor

ρ :

Density, (kg/m3)

ρ p :

Particle Density, (kg/m3)

μ :

Viscosity

φ :

Volume fraction

φ m :

Mass percent

ψ :

Sphericity

δ:

Distance Between Two Particles

a :

Ambient

B :

Brownian

app :

Apparant

bf :

Base fluid

c :

Coil

eff :

Effective

exp :

Experimental

f :

Fluid

i :

Inlet

j :

Dependent variable index

m :

Distance of x from the inlet port

nf :

Nanofluid

o :

Outlet

p :

Particle

np :

Nanoparticle

s :

Straight tube

th :

Theoretical

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Iran National Science Foundation: INSF for the support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Solar Energy Group, Energy Department, Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC), Karaj, Iran

    Mohsen Mansouri & Seyed Amir Hossein Zamzamian

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  1. Mohsen Mansouri
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Correspondence to Mohsen Mansouri or Seyed Amir Hossein Zamzamian.

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Mansouri, M., Zamzamian, S.A.H. Experimental studies on the heat transfer characteristics of alumina/water nanofluid inside a helical coil tube. Heat Mass Transfer 57, 551–564 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-020-02976-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-020-02976-w

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