The physical reason for the difference between the small-scale self-focusing of nanosecond and femtosecond pulses is that the typical intensity of the latter is three orders of magnitude higher, i.e., TW/cm2 versus GW/cm2. This causes a significant shift of the growth-rate maximum of the Bespalov–Talanov instability to the region of high spatial frequencies. During free propagation, a decrease in the spectral density of noise and the self-filtering of the beam lead to the noise-density decrease in the region of the maximum growth rate and, therefore, slowing of the self-focusing development. This is shown to shift the restriction on using the transmissive optical elements in the superpower lasers towards high powers.
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Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Radiofizika, Vol. 62, No. 12, pp. 953–965, December 2019.
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Ginzburg, V.N., Kochetkov, A.A., Mironov, S.Y. et al. Features of the Development of the Small-Scale Self-Focusing in Superpower Femtosecond Lasers. Radiophys Quantum El 62, 849–860 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11141-020-10029-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11141-020-10029-9