Abstract
A deep investigation on the trophic structure of a fish assemblage in a reference condition river is important since allow the comparison and determination of the extent in which other sites are degraded. It is especially relevant when we consider a reference condition river located in a basin under influence of several anthropogenic activities, as is the case of the Rio Cipó, an important tributary of the polluted Rio das Velhas Basin, Brazil. We aimed to characterize the trophic structure of the fish assemblage of the Rio Cipó using the carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) stable isotopes of fish and several available food resources sampled at two sites along the Rio Cipó in the dry and wet seasons. We found that the δ15N of fishes change among trophic guilds, but not change between sites and seasons. The δ13C values in turn, varies among trophic guilds and between seasons, and the changes between sites are not very expressive. Detritivorous fish presented the greatest variation in δ13C values. Although all detritivorous species appeared to consume the same basal resources (algae, periphyton, POM and CPOM), the proportion of assimilation of each resource varied among them. Two individuals of Myleus micans (herbivorous) and two of Piabarchus stramineus (omnivorous), were found to differ substantially within the food web by presenting the most enriched values of δ15N and δ13C in the wet season at the site close to the confluence with other rivers. These outliers had influence in the broad isotopic niches of herbivorous and omnivorous fish. This result suggest that these species have a large spatial range and may be feeding in places with resources enriched in δ15N and δ13C, outside of the Rio Cipó, as well as highlights the importance of considering the influence of downstream polluted areas on the trophic structure of this reference condition river.
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Acknowledgments
We thank the Agência Peixe Vivo and the Comitê de Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio das Velhas CBH - Rio das Velhas for project financial support and the Projeto Manuelzão for the logistical support. This study was also financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brasil (CAPES) – Finance code 001 and D.R.C. sandwich doctorate scholarship granted (88881.190508/2018-01). Thanks to Aline Junqueira Grossi (Federal University of Lavras, UFLA) and Luiza Hoehne (Federal University of Minas Gerais, UFMG) for the support on processing of samples. Thanks to the Benthos Ecology Laboratory (UFMG) and the Laboratory of Fish Ecology (UFLA) who assisted in the processing of samples and infrastructure, and to the Centre for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA) for their support and partnership in the isotopic analysis. P.S.P. received a research grant and a research fellowship from the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (303548/2017-7) and from the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (PPM-00237/13).
Authors’ contributions conceptualization
Conceptualization: Mirella Bisso Alonso, Débora Reis de Carvalho, Carlos Bernardo Mascarenhas Alves, Paulo Santos Pompeu; Data collection: Carlos Bernardo Mascarenhas Alves; Material preparation: Mirella Bisso Alonso, Débora Reis de Carvalho; Formal analyses and investigation: Mirella Bisso Alonso, Débora Reis de Carvalho, Paulo Santos Pompeu; Writing - original draft preparation: Mirella Bisso Alonso, Débora Reis de Carvalho; Writing - review and editing: Carlos Bernardo Mascarenhas Alves, Paulo Santos Pompeu; Funding acquisition: Carlos Bernardo Mascarenhas Alves, Paulo Santos Pompeu; Supervision: Paulo Santos Pompeu.
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Agência Peixe Vivo; Comitê de Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio das Velhas CBH - Rio das Velhas; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brasil (88881.190508/2018–01); Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (303548/2017–7); Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (PPM-00237/13).
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Alonso, M.B., de Carvalho, D.R., Alves, C.B.M. et al. Trophic structure of a fish assemblage in a reference condition river located in a polluted watershed. Environ Biol Fish 103, 1437–1452 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-020-01033-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-020-01033-z