Abstract
The dusky grouper Epinephelus marginatus is predator fish subjected to be impacted due to the contamination of their habitats. A viable source of metal contamination, i.e., copper (Cu), in this species is the ingestion of contaminated food. The objective of this work was to verify the toxic effects of Cu contaminated feed in dusky grouper. A 15 days trial was conducted with three treatments: control, 1 g and 2 g Cu/kg of fish feed. After the trial, the gut was analyzed for Cu concentration and the liver for SOD and GST activity. The Cu concentration in the intestinal tract was significantly greater in fish from contaminated treatments when compared with control. The SOD was significantly lower in contaminated fish, and the GST did not show differences among treatments. Copper showed to be toxic for the species, as evidenced by gut accumulation and suggested by SOD response.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Andrade AB, Machado LF, Silva MH, Barreiros JP (2003) Reproductive biology of the dusky grouper Epinephelus marginatus (LOWE, 1834). Braz Arch of Biol Technol 46:373–438. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-89132003000300009
Bradford MM (1976) A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem 72:248–254. https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(76)90527-3
Braz-Mota S, Fé LML, Delunardo FAC, Sadauskas-Henrique H, Almeida-Val VMF, Val AL (2016) Exposure to waterborne copper and high temperature induces the formation of reactive oxygen species and causes mortality in the Amazonian fish Hoplosternum littorale. Hydrobiologia 789(1):157–166. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-016-2847-y
Campos MF, Lo Nostro FL, Da Cuña RH, Moreira RG (2018) Endocrine disruption of phenanthrene in the protogynous dusky grouper Epinephelus marginatus (Serranidae: Perciformes). Gen Comp Endocrin 257:255–263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygcen.2017.06.020
Cholewińska E, Ognik K, Fotschki B, Zduńczyk Z, Juśkiewicz J (2018) Comparison of the effect of dietary copper nanoparticles and one copper (II) salt on the copper biodistribution and gastrointestinal and hepatic morphology and function in a rat model. PLoS ONE 13:5. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0197083
Coppock RW, Nation PN (2018) Veterinary Toxicology. In: Gupta RC (ed) Veterinary toxicology, 3rd edn. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp 733–739. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-811410-0.00054-4
Delunardo FAC, Sadauskas-Henrique H, Almeida-Val VMF, Val AL, Chippari-Gomes AR (2019) Effects of water-accommodated fraction of diesel fuel on seahorse (Hippocampus reidi) biomarkers. Aquat Toxicol 217:105353. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105353
Feng J, Lina Y, Yang Y, Shen Q, Huanga J, Wang S, Zhu W, Li Z (2018) Tolerance and bioaccumulation of Cd and Cu in Sesuvium portulacastrum. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 147:306–312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.08.056
Garcia RCV, Hernández ALC, Ruíz EBM, Díaz VHJ, Perez CH, Jeronimo FM (2017) Exposure to silver nanoparticles produces oxidative stress and affects macromolecular and metabolic biomarkers in the goodeid fish Chapalichthys pardalis. Sci Total Environ 583:308–318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.01.070
Gopi N, Vijayakumar S, Thaya R, Govindarajan M, Alharbi NS, Kadaikunnan S, Khaled JM, Al-Anbr MN, Vaseeharan B (2019) Chronic exposure of Oreochromis niloticus to sub-lethal copper concentrations: effects on growth, antioxidant, non-enzymatic antioxidant, oxidative stress and non-specific immune responses. J Trace Elem Med Biol 55:170–179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.06.011
Habig WH, Jakoby MJ (1981) Assays for differentiation of glutathione s- transferases. Methods Enzimol 77:398–405. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0076-6879(81)77053-8
Jayaprakash M, Giridharan L, Jonathan MP, Sarkar SK, Senthil Kumar R, Sujitha SB (2015) Bioaccumulation of metals in fish species from water and sediments in macrotidal Ennore creek, Chennai, SE coast of India: a metropolitan city effect. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 120:243–255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.05.042
McCord JM, Fridovich I (1988) Superoxide dismutase: the first twenty years (1968–1988). Free Radic Biol Medic 5:363–369. https://doi.org/10.1016/0891-5849(88)90109-8
National Research Council (US) (2011) Guide for the care and use of laboratory animals, 8th edn. National Academies Press (US), Washington
Oliveira BL, Fernandes LFL, Bianchini A, Chippari-Gomes AR, Silva BF, Brandão GP, Gomes LC (2014) Acute copper toxicity in juvenile fat snook Centropomus parallelus (Teleostei: Centropomidae) in sea water. Neotrop Ichthyol 12:845–852. https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-20140040
Oss RN, Baroni VD, Duarte RM, Val AL, Almeida-Val VMF, Gomes LC (2013) Recovery of fat snook, Centropomus parallelus (Teleostei: Perciformes) after subchronic exposure to copper. Comp Biochem Physiol C 157:306–309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpc.2013.02.002
Simonato JD, Mela M, Doria HB, Guiloski IC, Randi MAF, Carvalho PSM, Melleti PC, Assis HCS, Bianchini A, Martinez CBR (2016) Biomarkers of waterborne copper exposure in the Neotropical fish Prochilodus lineatus. Aquat Toxicol 170:31–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.11.012
Taverniers I, Loose MD, Bockstaele EV (2004) Trends in quality in the analytical laboratory. II. Analytical method validation and quality assurance. Trends Anal Chem 23:535–552. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2004.04.00
Tenji D, Micic B, Sipos S, Malajonovic B, Teodorovic I, Kaisarevic S (2020) Fish biomarkers from a different perspective: evidence of adaptive strategy of Abramis brama (L.) to chemical stress. Environ Sci Eur 32:47. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12302-020-00316-7
Vutukuru SS, Chintada S, Radha Madhavi K, Venkateswara Rao J, Anjaneyulu Y (2006) Acute effects of copper on superoxide dismutase, catalase and lipid peroxidation in the freshwater teleost fish, Esomus danricus. Fish Physiol Biochem 32:221–229. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-006-9004-x
Wang T, Long X, Liu Z, Cheng Y, Yan S (2015) Effect of copper nanoparticles and copper sulphate on oxidation stress, cell apoptosis and immune responses in the intestines of juvenile Epinephelus coioides. Fish Shellf Immunol 44:674–682. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2015.03.030
Zebral YD, Anni ISA, Afonso SB, Abril SIM, Klein RD, Bianchini A (2018) Effects of life-time exposure to waterborne copper on the somatotropic axis of the viviparous fish Poecilia vivipara. Chemospere 203:410–417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.03.202
Zeng L, Wang YH, Ai CX, Zhang JS (2018) Differential effects of β-glucan on oxidative stress, inflammation and copper transport in two intestinal regions of large yellow croaker Larimichthys crocea under acute copper stress. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 165:78–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.08.098
Acknowledgements
This study was supported by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e Inovação do Espírito Santo and Vale S.A. LCG is research fellowship recipiente from CNpq/Brazil.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Francisco, A.P., Aride, P.H.R., de Souza, A.B. et al. Toxicity of Copper in Epinephelus marginatus (Perciformes; Serranidae) After Ingestion of Contaminated Food. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 105, 711–714 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-020-03012-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-020-03012-7