Abstract
This study describes the first isolation and genetic characterization of the newly emerging porcine circovirus type 2e (PCV2e) from Korean pigs. The PCV2e isolate did not produce a cytopathic effect in PCV-free PK-15 cells; therefore, PCV2e infection was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry with polyclonal PCV2a antibodies and polymerase chain reaction with primers specific for PCV2e. As the infected PCV-free PK-15 cells were passaged, the amount of infectious virus correlated with an increase in the amount of viral DNA (i.e., a decrease in the cycle threshold values. A full genomic analysis of the PCV2e strain SNUVR199711 was performed and showed that the genome is 1,777 nucleotides in length.
References
Tischer I, Gelderblom H, Vetterman W, Koch MA (1982) A very small porcine virus with circular single-stranded DNA. Nature 295:64–66
Chae C (2005) A review of porcine circovirus 2-associated syndromes and diseases. Vet J 169:326–336
Franzo G, Segalés J (2018) Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV-2) genotype update and proposal of a new genotyping methodology. PLoSOne 13:e0208585
Bao F, Mi S, Luo Q et al (2018) Retrospective study of porcine circovirus type 2 infection reveals a novel genotype PCV2f. Transbound Emerg Dis 65:432–440
Davies B, Wang X, Dvorak CMT, Marthaler D, Murtaugh MP (2016) Diagnostic phylogenetics reveals a new Porcine circovirus 2 cluster. Virus Res 217:32–37
Harmon KM, Gauger PC, Zhang J, Piñeyro PE, Dunn DD, Chriswell AJ (2015) Whole-genome sequences of novel porcine circovirus type 2 viruses detected in swine from Mexico and the United States. Genome Announc 3:e01315–e1415
Liu J, Wei C, Dail A et al (2018) Detection of PCV2e strains in Southeast China. Peer J 6:e4476
Kim D, Ha Y, Lee YH et al (2009) Comparative study of in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry for the detection of porcine circovirus 2 in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. J Vet Med Sci 71:1001–1004
Seo HW, Park C, Kang I et al (2014) Genetic and antigenic characterization of a newly emerging porcine circovirus type 2b mutant first isolated in cases of vaccine failure in Korea. Arch Virol 159:3107–3111
Kwon T, Lee D-U, Yoo SJ, Je SH, Shin JY, Lyoo YS (2017) Genotypic diversity of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) and genotype shift to PCV2d in Korean pig population. Virus Res 228:24–29
Allan GM, McNeilly F, Kennedy S et al (1998) Isolation of porcine circovirus-like viruses from pigs with a wasting disease in the USA and Europe. J Vet Diagn Invest 10:3–10
Seo HW, Park C, Han K, Chae C (2014) Effect of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) vaccination on PCV2-viremic piglets after experimental PCV2 challenge. Vet Res 45:13
Xiao CT, Harmon KM, Halbur PG, Opriessnig T (2016) PCV2d-2 is the predominant type of PCV2 DNA in pig samples collected in the U.S. during 2014–2016. Vet Microbiol 197:72–77
Takahagi Y, Nishiyama Y, Toki S, Yonekita T, Morimatsu F, Murakami H (2008) Genotypic change of porcine circovirus type 2 on Japanese pig farms as revealed by restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. J Vet Med Sci 70:603–606
Kumar S, Stecher G, Li M, Knyaz C, Tamura K (2018) MEGA X: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis across computing platforms. Mol Biol Evol 35:1547–1549
Schmidt HA, Strimmer K, Vingron M, von Haeseler A (2002) TREE-PUZZLE: maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis using quartets and parallel computing. Bioinformatics 18:502–504
Acknowledgements
The authors’ research was supported by contract research funds of the Research Institute for Veterinary Science (RIVS) from the College of Veterinary Medicine and by the BK 21 Plus Program (Grant no. 5260-20150100) for Creative Veterinary Science Research.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.
Additional information
Handling Editor: Roman Pogranichniy.
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Park, K.H., Oh, T., Cho, H. et al. The first isolation of porcine circovirus type 2e from a Korean pig. Arch Virol 165, 2927–2930 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-020-04827-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-020-04827-9