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WISE observations for the variety of Galactic carbon stars

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Abstract

WISE observations of visual carbon stars (VCSs), infrared carbon stars (IRCSs), extreme carbon stars (ECSs), J-type carbon stars JCSs), and silicate carbon stars (SCSs) are presented in this paper. We found that in the WISE observational region carbon stars still form a sequence of VCSs → IRCSs → ECSs with the color gradually increasing. We also found that in the WISE two-color diagrams the JCS distribution is similar to that for the VCS, while the ECS distribution is similar to the IRCS. In addition, most of these carbon stars are around or on the lower right side of blackbody distributions in the WISE two-color diagrams due to the thermal radiation from dusty circumstellar envelopes, while some of them are around or on the upper left side of power law distributions possibly due to the radiation from dusty disks or showing the influence from some molecular features.

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Acknowledgement

We are grateful to the Referee, Dr. Aringer for his/her suggestive comments. This work is supported by grants from the NNSFC (Nos. 11873086, 11373067 and 11173056). This work has made use of data products from the WISE All Sky Survey, the CDS Simbad database, and the CDS VizieR database.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Yunnan Observatories and Key Laboratory for the Structure and Evolution of Celestial Objects, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650011, China

    P. S. Chen, J. Y. Liu & H. G. Shan

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  1. P. S. Chen
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  2. J. Y. Liu
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  3. H. G. Shan
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Correspondence to P. S. Chen.

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Table 1: WISE observations of carbon stars in this paper (TXT 181 kB)

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Chen, P.S., Liu, J.Y. & Shan, H.G. WISE observations for the variety of Galactic carbon stars. Astrophys Space Sci 365, 156 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10509-020-03872-9

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