Abstract
The results of the creation of an electrically conductive layer of polyaniline (PANI) on the surface of a polyethylene (PE) film modified by postradiation chemical grafting polymerization of styrene followed by the sulfonation of the grafted polystyrene (PS) chains are presented in this work. The distribution of sulfonated PS through the thickness of the PE film when varying both the degree of grafting of PS and degree of sulfonation of the latter is studied. It is shown that two types of films can be obtained using the specified procedure, namely, surface and bulk sulfonated. The synthesis of PANI in the obtained films was conducted by the oxidative polymerization of aniline. It is shown that the synthesis of PANI in most composite films has an autocatalytic character similar to the synthesis in the medium of polymeric acids. The studies of these PANI-containing films by FTIR spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy and measurements of their surface conductivity show that only the layers formed on the bulk sulfonated films to the full extent possess the properties inherent to PANI. The minimum of the achieved values of sheet resistance (17 MΩ/sq) gives evidence of the possibilities of this method for the formation of film materials containing PANI in the surface layers.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
Handbook of Conducting Polymers, Third Edition, Conjugated Polymers, Processing and Applications, Skotheim, T.A. and Reynolds, J.R., Eds., London, CRC Press, 2007.
Gribkova, O.L., Nekrasov, A.A., Trchova, M., Ivanov, V.F., Sazikov, V.I., Razova, A.B., Tverskoy, V.A., and Vannikov, A.V., Polymer, 2011, vol. 52, pp. 2474–2484. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2011.04.003
Gribkova, O.L., Nekrasov, A.A., Ivanov, V.F., Vannikov, A.V., Razova, A.B., and Tverskoi, V.A., Prot. Met. Phys. Chem. Surf., 2010, vol. 46, pp. 540–545.
Guseva, M.A., Isakova, A.A., Gribkova, O.L., Tverskoy, V.A., Ivanov, V.F., Vannikov, A.V., and Fedotov, Yu.A., Polym. Sci., Ser. A, 2007, vol. 49, p. 4–11.
Li, N., Lee, J.Y., and Ong, L.H., J. Appl. Electrochem., 1992, vol. 22, no. 6, pp. 512–516.
Sapurina, I.Yu., Kompan, M.E., Malyshkin, V.V., Rozanov, V.V., and Stejskal, J., Russ. J. Electrochem., 2009, vol. 45, no. 6, pp. 697–706. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1023193509060135
Berezina, N.P., Shkirskaya, S.A., Kolechko, M.V., Popova, O.V., Senchikhin, I.N., and Roldugin, V.I., Russ. J. Electrochem., 2011, vol. 47, no. 9, pp. 995–1005.
Berezina, N.P., Kononenko, N.A., Sytcheva, A.A.-R., Loza, N.V., Shkirskaya, S.A., Hegman, N., and Pungor, A., Electrochim. Acta, 2009, vol. 54, p. 2342.
Lysova, A.A., Stenina, I.A., Dolgopolov, S.V., Gorbunova, Yu.G., Kononenko, N.A., and Yaroslavtsev, A.B., Dokl. Phys. Chem., 2009, vol. 427, no. 2, pp. 142–145. https://doi.org/10.1134/S001250160908003X
Elyashevich, G.K., Sidorovich, A.V., Smirnov, M.A., Kuryndin, I.S., Bobrova, N.V., Trchova, M., and Stejskal, J., Polym. Degrad. Stab., 2006, vol. 91, pp. 2786–2792.
Fazullin, D. D., Mavrin, G. V., Shaikhiev, I. G., Petr. Chem., 2017, vol. 57, no 2, pp. 165–171.
Krul’, L.P. and Polikarpov, A.P., Usp. Khim.,1990, vol. 59, no. 5, pp. 807–826.
Jetsrisuparb, R., Balog, S., Bas, C., Parrin, L., et al., Eur. Polym. J., 2014, vol. 53, pp. 75–89.
Komacka, E.M., Przybytuluk, G., Fuks, L., Walo, M., and Lyczko, K., Radiat. Phys. Chem., 2014, vol. 94, pp. 115–118.
Sproll, V., Nagy, G., Gasser, U., Ebms, J.P., et al., Macromolecules, 2016, vol. 49, no. 11, pp. 4253–4264.
Zhilyaeva N.A., Mironova E.Yu, Ermilova M.M., Orekhova N.V., Bondarenko G.N., Dyakova M.G., Shevlyakova N.V., Tverskoy V.A., Yaroslavtsev A.B., Petr. Chem., 2016, vol. 56, no 11, pp. 1034-1041.
Gibson, H.W. and Bailey, F.C., Macromolecules, 1980, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 34–41.
Semenov, V.I., Shevlyakova, N.V., Shifrina, R.R., Aleksandrova, L.B., Tverskoi, V.A., and Pravednikov, A.N., Vysokomol.Soedin. Kratk. Soobshch., 1983, vol. 25, no. 8B, pp. 590–594.
Nekrasov, A.A., Ivanov, V.F., and Vannikov, A.V., J. Electroanal. Chem., 2000, vol. 482, no. 1, pp. 11–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0728(00)00005-X
Ding, Y., Liang, J., Liu, G., Ni, W., and Shen, L., Coatings, 2019, vol. 9, no. 6, p. 399. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings9060399
Trchova, M., Moravkova, Z., Blaha, M., and Stejskal, J., Electrochim. Acta, 2014, vol. 122, pp. 28–38.
Bhutto, A.A., Vesely, D., and Gabrys, B.J., Polymer, 2003, vol. 44, pp. 6627–6631. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2003.08.005
Kang, E.T., Neoh, K.G., and Tan, K.L., Prog. Polym. Sci., 1998, vol. 23, p. 277. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6700(97)00030-0
Boyer, M.-I., Quillard, S., Rebourt, E., Louarn, G., Buisson, J.P., Monkman, A., and Lefrant, S., J. Phys. Chem. B, 1998, vol. 102, no. 38, pp. 7382–7392.
Socrates, G., Infrared and Raman Characteristic Group Frequencies, New York: Wiley, 2001.
Bellamy, L.J., The Infra-Red Spectra of Complex Molecules, Bungay: Richard Clay, 1962.
Vien, D.L., Colthup, N.B., Fateley, W.G., and Grasselli, J.G., The Handbook of Infrared and Raman Characteristic Frequencies of Organic Molecules, San Diego, CA: Academic Press, 1991.
Boyer, M.L., Quillard, S., Louarn, G., Froyer, G., and Lefrant, S.J., J. Phys. Chem. B, 2000, vol. 104, pp. 8952–8961.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The AFM measurements of the surface were performed on the equipment of the Center for Collective Use of Physical Methods of Investigation of the Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences. The authors are grateful to Yu.V. Kostina for measurements of the Fourier-transform IR spectra.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Translated by E. Boltukhina
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Isakova, A.A., Gribkova, O.L., Aliev, A.D. et al. The Synthesis of Polyaniline in Polyethylene Films with Grafted Sulfonated Polystyrene and Properties of These Films. Prot Met Phys Chem Surf 56, 725–733 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S2070205120040127
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S2070205120040127