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Analysis of miRNA Expression in the Ileum of Broiler Chickens During Bacillus licheniformis H2 Supplementation Against Subclinical Necrotic Enteritis

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Abstract

Subclinical necrotic enteritis (SNE) is one of the serious threats to the poultry industry. Probiotics have been proven to exert beneficial effects in controlling SNE. However, their exact mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Moreover, few studies have focused on their impact on microRNAs (miRNAs). Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the miRNA expression profiles in the ileum of broiler chickens during probiotic supplementation for controlling SNE. A total of 180 newly hatched male broilers were randomly allocated into three groups, including a negative control group, an SNE infection group, and a Bacillus licheniformis H2 pretreatment group. Illumina high-throughput sequencing was conducted to identify the miRNA expression of the three groups. Results showed that 628 miRNAs, including 582 known miRNAs and 46 novel miRNAs, were detected in the miRNA libraries. The target genes of 57 significantly differentially expressed miRNAs were predicted and annotated. Moreover, they were found to be partly enriched in pathways related to immunity and inflammation such as tumor necrosis factor receptor binding, immune response-regulating signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor 2 signaling pathway, interleukin-15 production, activation of NF-κB-inducing kinase activity, and MAP kinase tyrosine/serine/threonine phosphatase activity. Some of the target genes of 57 miRNAs were related to the MAPK signaling pathway. Furthermore, the expression of several miRNAs, which may be involved in the MAPK signaling pathway, was significantly affected by SNE induction and showed no significant difference in the presence of H2. All these findings provide comprehensive miRNA expression profiles of three different treatment groups. They further suggest that H2 could exert beneficial effects in controlling SNE through immune and inflammatory response associated with altered miRNA expression, such as the MAPK signaling pathway.

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Data Availability

All the raw sequencing data used in this work were uploaded to the GEO database (accession number: GSE151627).

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Funding

This work was financially supported by the International Cooperative Project of Science and Technology Bureau of Sichuan Province (2018HH0103).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

    Ying Zhao, Dong Zeng, Ning Sun, Jinge Xin, Abdul Khalique, Danish Sharafat Rajput, Kangcheng Pan, Gang Shu, Bo Jing & Xueqin Ni

  2. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

    Hesong Wang

  3. Chengdu Slan Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China

    Hanbo Yang & Lei Lei

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  1. Ying Zhao
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  2. Dong Zeng
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  4. Ning Sun
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the design of the experiments. HY and LL contributed reagents and materials. YZ, HW, and NS performed all experimental work. YZ drafted the manuscript. YZ, HY, and LL revised the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Xueqin Ni.

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The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Ethical Approval

All animal experiment procedures were conducted in accordance with the guidelines of the Animal Welfare Act, and all procedures and protocols were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the Sichuan Agricultural University (approval number: SYXKchuan2019-187; approval date: September 10, 2019).

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Ying Zhao and Dong Zeng are joint first authors.

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Zhao, Y., Zeng, D., Wang, H. et al. Analysis of miRNA Expression in the Ileum of Broiler Chickens During Bacillus licheniformis H2 Supplementation Against Subclinical Necrotic Enteritis. Probiotics & Antimicro. Prot. 13, 356–366 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12602-020-09709-9

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