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Surface Properties of Liquid Al-Ni Alloys: Experiments Vs Theory

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Abstract

The present study is an overview of the surface properties of liquid Al-Ni alloys, which are of great importance for the design and development of new Al-Ni and Ni-based industrial alloys, widely used as functional and structural materials. The solidification and thus, the microstructural evolution are directly dependent on the interface/surface properties of metallic melts. Therefore, numerical simulation of microstructure evolution requires reliable property data as input to such models. Taking into account the experimental difficulties related to a high reactivity of liquid Al-Ni alloys and the effects of impurities on their surface properties, the surface tension over the whole concentration range has been determined in the frameworks of three international research projects. Namely, the surface tension measurements have been carried out by both traditional container-based and as an alternative, containerless methods within the ESA-MAP ThermoProp and ESA-MAP Thermolab Projects and also under the EU FP6-IMPRESS Project. The obtained datasets were analysed and subsequently compared with the model predicted values as well as with the literature data. A strong exothermic mixing characterises the Al-Ni system and the presence of a few intermetallic compounds in the solid state leads to the formation of short range ordered elements or complexes in the liquid phase, at least near the melting temperature, which significantly affects the surface properties of alloy melts. Aiming to estimate the effects of short range ordering on these properties, the Compound Formation Model (CFM) and the Quasi Chemical Approximation (QCA) for regular solution were applied.

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Acknowledgements

The reported work was partially performed in the framework of the ESA-MAP project ThermoProp (AO-099-022 and AO-2009-1020).

M. M., R. W. and H.-J. F. further acknowledge funding from the DLR Space Administration with funds provided by the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (BMWi) under Grant No. 50WM1759.

The support from the Institute of Materials Physics in Space of the DLR, Cologne in conducting the experiments during the parabolic flight campaigns and its support in experiment preparation is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Condensed Matter Chemistry and Technologies for Energy, National Research Council (CNR-ICMATE), Via de Marini 6, 16149, Genoa, Italy

    R. Novakovic, D. Giuranno & E. Ricci

  2. Institute of Functional Nanosystems, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, 89081, Ulm, Germany

    M. Mohr & H.-J. Fecht

  3. Institut für Materialphysik im Weltraum, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), 51170, Köln, Germany

    J. Brillo

  4. Metallurgy Europe, gGmbH, Magirus-Deutz-Straße 12, 89077, Ulm, Germany

    R. Wunderlich

  5. Institute of Theoretical Physics, RWTH-Aachen University, 52056, Aachen, Germany

    I. Egry

  6. Department of Metal Physics, Ivan Franko National University, Lviv, 79005, Ukraine

    Yu Plevachuk

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  1. R. Novakovic
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Novakovic, R., Mohr, M., Giuranno, D. et al. Surface Properties of Liquid Al-Ni Alloys: Experiments Vs Theory. Microgravity Sci. Technol. 32, 1049–1064 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12217-020-09832-w

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