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Behavior of Surfactants in Oil Extraction by Surfactant-Assisted Acidic Hydrothermal Process from Chlorella vulgaris

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Abstract

The feasibility of surfactants for enhancement of extraction efficiencies in wet oil extraction through an acidic hydrothermal process was evaluated. Three different types of surfactants were tested: anionic (SDBS and SDS), cationic (CTAB and MBC), and non-ionic (IGEPAL CA-210 and Tween 60). The total fatty acid content of Chlorella vulgaris was 291.0 mg/g cell. Under the no-surfactant condition, the oil-extraction yield of the acidic hydrothermal extraction was 75.5%. The addition of SDBS and MBC at the 0.4% concentration showed enhanced oil-extraction performance, 85.4 and 85.7% yields, respectively. CTAB and Tween 60 showed low extraction yields, less than 43.0%. SDS and IGEPAL CA-210 showed high oil-extraction yields, higher, in fact, than the initial fatty acid content, due to surfactant partitioning into microalgal oil. With increasing surfactant concentration, the oil-extraction yields of CTAB decreased, those of IGEPAL CA-210 gradually increased, and those of SDBS increased and then decreased again. The best performance, an oil-extraction yield of 95.6%, was observed under the 0.2% SDBS, 120 °C, 1 h condition. Although IGEPAL CA-210 showed the high net oil-extraction yield of 98.3% at the 0.6% surfactant concentration, 61.2% of surfactant was partitioned into oil.

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Funding

This research was supported by the Global Infrastructure Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (No. NRF-2018K1A3A1A61024274).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biomass and Waste to Energy Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research, 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34129, Republic of Korea

    Ji-Yeon Park, Min-Cheol Kim, Bora Nam & Deog-Keun Kim

  2. Moojin Machinetool, 53-11 Hanamsandancheonbyeonjwa-ro, Gwangsan-gu, Gwangju, 62213, Republic of Korea

    Hoseob Chang

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  1. Ji-Yeon Park
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  2. Min-Cheol Kim
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  3. Bora Nam
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Correspondence to Ji-Yeon Park.

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Highlights

• Extraction of microalgal oil by surfactant-assisted acidic hydrothermal process

• Partitioning of SDS and IGEPAL CA-20 into microalgal oil due to hexane affinity

• High oil-extraction yield of SDBS with good phase-separation performance

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Park, JY., Kim, MC., Nam, B. et al. Behavior of Surfactants in Oil Extraction by Surfactant-Assisted Acidic Hydrothermal Process from Chlorella vulgaris. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 193, 319–334 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-020-03426-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-020-03426-3

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