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Influence of hydrophilic/hydrophobic protic ionic liquids (PILs) on the poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF-ionic liquid) membrane properties

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Abstract

In this study, we investigate the effect of protic ionic liquids (PILs) on the properties of poly(vinylidene fluoride)/protic ionic liquids (PVDF/PIL) composite membranes made by solvent casting. The morphology, polymer phase, crystallinity, proton conductivities and mechanical properties were determined according to the nature and quantities of PIL added. Independently of the ionic liquids nature among EtPy][HSO4], [Py][HSO4], [(Octyl)3NH][HSO4] and [(Octyl)3NH][H2PO4], we observed the crystallization of PVDF into more stable electroactive phases (β and γ). Furthermore, the presence of PIL decreased the elastic modulus and modified the crystallization kinetics, as indicated by the size of the spherulitic microstructures. Proton conductivity results suggest the predominance of the Grotthuss-type conduction mechanism for all PVDF/PIL composites membranes supplied by the amphoteric anions, HSO4− and H2PO4−. Finally, the higher stable conductivities observed for hydrated membranes with [(Octyl)3NH][HSO4] evidenced that the Grotthuss mechanism is favored by amphiphilic cation associated with the stronger hydrogen-bonded network of the [HSO4]− anion.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank “La region Centre Val de Loire” for financial support to the researchers involved in this study under the Lavoisier regional program. We would also like to thank CERMEL for DMA characterization of the samples.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire PCM2E, Université de Tours, Parc de Grandmont, 37200, Tours, France

    Isabel Vázquez-Fernández, Adnane Bouzina, Mohamed Raghibi, Laure Timperman & Mérièm Anouti

  2. CEA-DAM Le Ripault, BP16, 37260, Monts, France

    Janick Bigarré

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  1. Isabel Vázquez-Fernández
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Vázquez-Fernández, I., Bouzina, A., Raghibi, M. et al. Influence of hydrophilic/hydrophobic protic ionic liquids (PILs) on the poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF-ionic liquid) membrane properties. J Mater Sci 55, 16697–16717 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-020-05207-z

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