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Expression of Melatonin and Glucocorticoid Receptor Varies along with Lung-Associated Cell-Mediated Immunity in the Jungle Bush Quail Perdicula asiatica: a Trade-off between Melatonin and Dexamethasone

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Abstract

The role of circulatory glucocorticoids along with melatonin in the regulation of lung-associated cell-mediated immunity has never been explored in any tropical bird. This could be interesting because glucocorticoids are immunosuppressive while melatonin is immunostimulatory in nature. In our present study, we report the localization and expression of the glucocorticoid and melatonin receptors and the effect of melatonin on dexamethasone-induced suppression of lung-associated and general immunity in the jungle bush quail Perdicula asiatica. The birds were treated with melatonin and dexamethasone at dose of 25µg/100g B.wt./day and 30µg/100g B.wt./day, respectively, for twenty eight days. At the end of the experiment, the birds were sacrificed and lung tissues and blood samples were collected for histology and morphometric analysis of lymphoid tissue (BALT and non-BALT nodules), total leukocyte count (TLC), lymphocyte count (LC), percent stimulation ratio of isolated lung lymphocytes (% SR), immunohistochemistry, western blot analysis and hormonal assay. Dexamethasone injection reduced the immune status in terms of the size of BALT and non-BALT nodules, TLC, LC and % SR, upregulated expression of the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and downregulated expression of melatonin receptor types Mel1a and Mel1b. Melatonin administration increased the above immune parameters and upregulated expression of melatonin receptor types Mel1a and Mel1b while downregulating GR. Our results suggest the existence of the trade-off relationship between melatonin and corticosterone, which might be responsible for the regulation of lung-associated cell-mediated immunity under stress conditions via their receptors in the lung of the jungle bush quail Perdicula asiatica.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The possibility of using the equipment (CO2 incubator and high-speed refrigerated centrifuge) provided by Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (Germany) and financial support from the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (New Delhi) to Rajesh Kumar Kharwar are greatly acknowledged.

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  1. Department of Zoology, Kutir Post Graduate College, Chakkey, Jaunpur-222 146, India

    Rajesh Kumar Kharwar & Vaishali Singh

  2. Pineal Research Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005, India

    Chandana Haldar

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Kharwar, R.K., Singh, V. & Haldar, C. Expression of Melatonin and Glucocorticoid Receptor Varies along with Lung-Associated Cell-Mediated Immunity in the Jungle Bush Quail Perdicula asiatica: a Trade-off between Melatonin and Dexamethasone. J Evol Biochem Phys 56, 364–380 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0022093020040079

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