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Geo-spatial approach for land-use and land-cover changes and deforestation mapping: a case study of Ankasha Guagusa, Northwestern, Ethiopia

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Abstract

Deforestation is the replacement of forest by other land-use. Land-use patterns are changing fast in worldwide in relation to the human population growth and agricultural land expansion. The study deals with the status and trends of land-use and land-cover (LULC) dynamics and identification of deforestation risk zones Ankasha Guagusa, northwestern, Ethiopia following in the recent advancement in geospatial approach. The temporal Landsat satellite data from 1985 to 2018 was used for the analysis. Supervised classification approach with maximum likelihood algorithm was adopted for the classification and generation of land-use and land-cover maps for the chosen time periods. Results reveal that there have been substantial changes in the LULC during the selected periods. During the period 1985–1996 showed increased the cropland, bare-land and built-up with 835 ha (1.78%), 186.54 ha (0.4%) and 112. ha (0.24%), respectively. In the second period (1996–2006) forest land, built-up and cropland increased with 1094 ha (2.33%), 346.78 ha (0.74%) and 2185.7 ha (4.65%), respectively. This implies that the forest cover change had decreased by 1119.78 ha (2.38) in the first period and increased in the second and third period with 1094.04 ha (2.33%) and 772.91 ha (1.64%), respectively. It was raveled that forest cover though remained relatively stable around western part of the study area. Identification of deforestation risk zone to examine five factors criteria was selected such as infrastructure, topographic and socio-economic behavior of the area. These are slope, proximity to road, population density, proximity to river and proximity to town. Each criterion was evaluated with the aid of AHP and mapped by GIS. The degree of deforestation risk was categorized as extreme, high, moderate and low suitability areas, which represented 2%, 40.27%, 56.65% and 1.04%, of the study area, respectively. Therefore, sustainable forest management system is necessity to protect, conserve and rehabilitate the remaining forest.

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Acknowledgements

We are thankful to the Wondo Genet Natural Resource and Forestry College, Hawassa University, Ethiopia and national MRV project, Ethiopia for support, facilities and funds. We are also grateful to the Ankasha Gugusa administration officers for providing necessary data to support this study. We are also indebted to the editor Tropical Ecology and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive review that helped to improve the structure and quality of this paper.

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  1. School of Earth Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

    K. V. Suryabhagavan

  2. Wondo Genet College of Forestry and Natural Resources, Hawassa University, Shashemene, 128, Ethiopia

    Samson Tsegaye Mekasha & Mersha Gebrehiwot

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  1. Samson Tsegaye Mekasha
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Correspondence to K. V. Suryabhagavan.

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Mekasha, S.T., Suryabhagavan, K.V. & Gebrehiwot, M. Geo-spatial approach for land-use and land-cover changes and deforestation mapping: a case study of Ankasha Guagusa, Northwestern, Ethiopia. Trop Ecol 61, 550–569 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42965-020-00113-6

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