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Comparative Analysis of Soil Temperature in the O Horizon on Two Variously Degraded Sites of the Technogenic Ecosystem of Nickel Industrial Complex (Kola Peninsula)

  • DEGRADATION, REHABILITATION, AND CONSERVATION OF SOILS
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Abstract

Soil temperature was measured in the O horizon of Albic Podzol on two sites of strongly contaminated and damaged ecosystem from September 22 to July 10 in 2014/2015 and 2015/2016. The ecosystem is located 8 km to the north of the Severonikel industrial complex (the Kola Peninsula), the largest source of emissions of SO2 and heavy metals in Northern Europe. The aim of the study was to compare temperature regimes of technogenic barren soil without vegetation, which predominates in the ecosystem, and under a small group of depressed crowberry (Empetrum hermaphroditum) developing in the area in response to a decrease in the emissions from the Severonikel industrial complex. The results attest to significant differences between temperature parameters of the two sites. The soil under crowberry was characterized by significantly smaller temperature fluctuations during the entire period of observations and in the daily cycle. In autumn, the dwarf shrub maintained soil temperatures above zero for a longer period and mitigated first night freezing. Because of the dark color of the degrading O horizon of technogenic barren, this soil was characterized by higher daytime and mean daily temperatures in summer. In autumn, before the formation of a permanent snow cover, the soil of the barren site was subjected to stronger freezing in response to sharp decrease in the air temperature. Thus, even a depressed ground vegetation protects the soil from strong temperature fluctuations and ensures more stable conditions for the plant growth. The absence of the ground vegetation results in stronger soil drying in summer and in a sharper decrease in soil temperature in autumn. The soil overheating and strong drying in summer and the soil freezing in autumn can act as stress factors in addition to extreme contamination of the damaged ecosystems near the emission source for the survived trees and their seedlings.

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Funding

This study was performed within the framework of the study of modern transformation of soils in the extreme north of Russia under technogenic impact, state task no. 0229-2016-0003.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Polar-Alpine Botanical Garden-Institute, Kola Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 184209, Apatity, Russia

    G. M. Kashulina, T. I. Litvinova & N. M. Korobeinikova

Authors
  1. G. M. Kashulina
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  2. T. I. Litvinova
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  3. N. M. Korobeinikova
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Correspondence to G. M. Kashulina.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Translated by I. Bel’chenko

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Kashulina, G.M., Litvinova, T.I. & Korobeinikova, N.M. Comparative Analysis of Soil Temperature in the O Horizon on Two Variously Degraded Sites of the Technogenic Ecosystem of Nickel Industrial Complex (Kola Peninsula). Eurasian Soil Sc. 53, 1311–1321 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1064229320090082

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1064229320090082

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