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Optimized Sensor Nodes Deployment in Wireless Sensor Network Using Bat Algorithm

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Abstract

For the optimal performance of wireless sensor networks in different areas of applications needs to maximize the coverage area of sensor nodes. The coverage of sensor nodes in monitoring region can be improved by using efficient node deployment algorithms. In this paper node deployment based on bat algorithm (BA) is proposed to enhance the coverage rate of nodes. Each bat describes solution for deployment of sensor nodes individually. In bat algorithm based node deployment grid points covered by one sensor node are excluded for remaining sensor nodes. The benefit of eliminating the grid points is that the load on remaining nodes is decreased and there is no chance of overlapping i.e. grid point is covered by only one sensor node. The simulations of node deployment based on BA and fruit fly optimization algorithm (FOA) are also demonstrated. In this paper to further increase the coverage rate of sensor nodes the performance of various parameters of bat algorithm such as loudness, pulse emission rate, maximum frequency, grid points and sensing radius has been optimized. The simulation results of node deployment based on optimized bat algorithm are also compared with BA and FOA based node deployment in terms of mean coverage rate, computation time and standard deviation. The coverage rate curve for various numbers of iterations and sensor nodes are also presented for optimized bat algorithm, BA and FOA. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of optimized bat algorithm as it achieved more coverage rate than BA and FOA.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the Department of Science and Technology (DST), Government of India, New Delhi, under the Innovation in Science Pursuit for Inspired Research (INSPIRE) program supervised by Dr. Sonia (Assistant Professor) and Dr. Ranjit Kaur (Professor) in Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Punjabi University, Patiala.

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  1. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Punjabi University, Patiala, India

    Satinder Singh Mohar, Sonia Goyal & Ranjit Kaur

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  1. Satinder Singh Mohar
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  2. Sonia Goyal
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Correspondence to Satinder Singh Mohar.

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Mohar, S.S., Goyal, S. & Kaur, R. Optimized Sensor Nodes Deployment in Wireless Sensor Network Using Bat Algorithm. Wireless Pers Commun 116, 2835–2853 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-020-07823-z

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