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Spatial power spectrum of natural water turbulence with any average temperature, salinity concentration, and light wavelength

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Abstract

The power spectrum of water optical turbulence is shown to vary with its average temperature $\langle T \rangle$ and average salinity concentration $\langle S \rangle$, as well as with light wavelength $\lambda$. This study explores such variations for $\langle T \rangle \in [{0{^ \circ}{\rm C},30{^ \circ}{\rm C}}]$, $\langle S \rangle \in [{0\;{\rm ppt},40\;{\rm ppt}}]$ covering most of the possible natural water conditions within the Earth’s boundary layer and for visible electromagnetic spectrum, $\lambda \in [{400\;{\rm nm},700\;{\rm nm}}]$. For illustration of the effects of these parameters on propagating light, we apply the developed power spectrum model for estimation of the scintillation index of a plane wave (the Rytov variance) and the threshold between weak and strong turbulence regimes.

© 2020 Optical Society of America

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