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Vertical and temporal distribution of Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae in determinate and indeterminate soybean

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 September 2020

Dominic D. Reisig Open the ORCID record for Dominic D. Reisig [Opens in a new window] ,
Don Cook ,
Jeremy K. Greene ,
Michael Caprio ,
Jeff Gore ,
Fred Musser  and
Francis Reay-Jones
Dominic D. Reisig*
Affiliation:
Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Vernon G. James Research and Extension Center, North Carolina State University, 207 Research Station Rd., Plymouth, NC27962, USA
Don Cook
Affiliation:
Delta Research & Extension Center, Mississippi State University, P.O. Box 197, Stoneville, MS38776, USA
Jeremy K. Greene
Affiliation:
Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Edisto Research and Education Center, Clemson University, 64 Research Road, Blackville, SC29817, USA
Michael Caprio
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Box 9775, Mississippi State, MS39762, USA
Jeff Gore
Affiliation:
Delta Research & Extension Center, Mississippi State University, P.O. Box 197, Stoneville, MS38776, USA
Fred Musser
Affiliation:
Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Box 9775, Mississippi State, MS39762, USA
Francis Reay-Jones
Affiliation:
Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Pee Dee Research and Education Center, Clemson University, 2200 Pocket Road, Florence, SC29506-9727, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Dominic D. Reisig, Email: ddreisig@ncsu.edu
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Abstract

Most oviposition by Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) occurs near the top of the canopy in soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr, and larval abundance is influenced by the growth habit of plants. However, the vertical distribution of larvae within the canopy is not as well known. We evaluated the vertical distribution of H. zea larvae in determinate and indeterminate varieties, hypothesizing that larval distribution in the canopy would vary between these two growth habits and over time. We tested this hypothesis in a naturally infested replicated field experiment and two experimentally manipulated cage experiments. In the field experiment, flowering time was synchronized between the varieties by manipulating planting date, while infestation timing was manipulated in the cage experiments. Larvae were recovered using destructive sampling of individual soybean plants, and their vertical distribution by instar was recorded from three sampling points over time in each experiment. While larval population growth and development varied between the determinate and indeterminate varieties within and among experiments, we found little evidence that larvae have preference for different vertical locations in the canopy. This study lends support to the hypothesis that larval movement and location within soybean canopies do not result entirely from oviposition location and nutritional requirements.

Keywords

Canopygrowth habitmovementovipositional locationpreference
Type
Research Paper
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 111 , Issue 3 , June 2021 , pp. 282 - 288
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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