Research and EducationDimensional accuracy and surface characteristics of 3D-printed dental casts
Section snippets
Material and methods
A CAD reference cast was created by using a 3D design software program (Rapidform; Inus Technology Inc) and attaching implant scan bodies to a mandibular dental arch. Six cylinders were placed in the left and right canines, second premolars, and second molars. Three additional reference spheres were placed around the left second molar to establish a coordinate system with which to measure deviations (Fig. 1).
Casts were made from 5 different materials by using 4 printers with different printing
Results
The median trueness values of the 3D-printed casts in each group are shown in Figure 4. The FDM casts had a significantly larger systematic deviation (158.1 μm) than those of the DLP1 (104.4), DLP2 (103.3 μm), Polyjet (99.3 μm), and SLA casts (109.9 μm) (P<.01). No significant differences were found among the other 4 groups (P>.05). In addition, the FDM casts showed a relatively wide range of deviation and prominent striations. The casts of the DLP 1 and DLP 2 groups had minimal deviation in
Discussion
In the present study, the accuracy of 3D-printed casts was analyzed in 2 ways. In the image-merging analysis, the overall deviation (or trueness) was determined and represented as a color map. The FDM casts had a significantly larger deviation than the others in the former analysis, and there were significant differences in the X-, Y-, and Z-axes among the 3D-printed casts in the latter study. Therefore, the null hypothesis was rejected. Although the stone cast is considered the standard, it
Conclusions
Based on the findings of this in vitro study, the following conclusions were drawn:
- 1.
The FDM printer was found to be inferior to the other 3D printers for complete-arch dental cast fabrication.
- 2.
Deviations at different cylinder locations showed that FDM and DLP casts tended to contract, whereas casts of the Polyjet and SLA groups expanded buccolingually and anterioposteriorly. Vertically, deviations were generally smaller than those in the other directions, especially for the SLA group.
- 3.
The
CRediT authorship contribution statement
Ji-Man Park: Conceptualization, Methodology, Validation, Investigation, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Funding acquisition. Jin Jeon: Validation, Investigation, Data curation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing. Jai-Young Koak: Validation, Writing - review & editing. Seong-Kyun Kim: Validation, Writing - review & editing. Seong-Joo Heo: Conceptualization, Validation, Investigation, Data curation, Writing - review & editing, Supervision.
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Supported by the Technology Innovation Program (20001155) funded by the Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy.
J.-M.P. and J.J. contributed equally to this work.