Abstract
Results of investigation of static characteristics of the vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSEL) of the 850-nm spectral range based on strained InGaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells in a wide range of current-aperture sizes are presented. The reasons for their anomalous behavior at large design gain-to-cavity wavelength detuning are analyzed. Lateral spreading of carriers in the plane of quantum wells and specific profile of oxide aperture (leading to formation of an effective two-step waveguide) in the studied VCSELs makes possible the existence of higher-order modes localized at the current-aperture periphery. Inhomogeneity of carrier injection across the current aperture in wide-aperture lasers leads to initial onset lasing via the higher-order modes. Subsequent transition to classical lasing via the lower-order modes with increase in current is caused by changes in the gain-to-cavity detuning with increase in internal laser temperature. Anomalous lasing via higher-order modes in the case of narrow-aperture VCSELs becomes possible due to increase in the diffraction losses at the edge of the oxide current aperture for the fundamental mode. In the process, not only a decrease in the gain-to-cavity detuning but also the effect of thermal lens are responsible for subsequent laser hopping to the regime of co-lasing via two modes.
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The authors are grateful to VI-Systems GmbH (Berlin) and Prof. D. Bimberg (TU Berlin) for providing samples of lasers for this research.
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Blokhin, S.A., Bobrov, M.A., Maleev, N.A. et al. Investigation of Anomalous Lasing in Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers of the 850-nm Spectral Range with a Double Oxide Current Aperture at Large Gain-to-Cavity Detuning. Opt. Spectrosc. 128, 1174–1181 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0030400X20080081
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0030400X20080081