Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

LNOI waveguide grating based true time delay line for tunable bandpass microwave photonic filter

  • Published:
Optical and Quantum Electronics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A precisely tunable true time delay line (TTDL) based on lithium niobate on insulator waveguide grating is proposed. Utilizing the electro-optic effect of lithium niobate, active tuning of reflected wavelength and time delay can be realized. The numerical simulation results show that, with the optimized grating structure and flexible electrode distribution, wide tuning range and high tuning accuracy of time delay can be achieved by simply controlling the charging position of the electrodes. This TTDL is applied to a tunable bandpass microwave photonic filter (TBMPF), which using PM-IM conversion to suppressed dc signal to achieve bandpass. In the TBMPF, the TTDL plays the role of introducing the dispersion for PM-IM conversion, time delay between the taps and tuning of central frequency. This TTDL can reduce the system complexity and cost of microwave photonic filter.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Arizmendi, L.: Review article: photonic applications of lithium niobate crystals. Phys Status Solidi A 201(2), 175–175 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ashrafi, R., Dizaji, M.R., Cortés, L.R., et al.: Time-delay to intensity mapping based on a second-order optical integrator: application to optical arbitrary waveform generation. Optics Expr 23(12), 16209 (2015)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Capmany, J., Novak, D.: Microwave photonics combines two worlds. Nat Photonics 6, 319–330 (2007)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Fandiño, J.S., Munoz, P., Domenech, D., et al.: A monolithic integrated photonic microwave filter. Nat Photonics 11(2), 124–129 (2017)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Gao, Y., Li, S., Xue, X., et al.: W-Band high-Q Microwave Photonic Filter with the Third-Order Dispersion Pre-Compensation. J Lightwave Technol 27(99), 1–1 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  • Garcia, S., Gasulla, I.: Dispersion-engineered multicore fibers for distributed radiofrequency signal processing. Opt Express 24, 20641–20654 (2016)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • García, S., Guillem, R., Madrigal, J., Barrera, D., Sales, S., Gasulla, I.: Sampled true time delay line operation by inscription of long period gratings in few-mode fibers. Opt Express 27, 22787–22793 (2019)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Gasulla, I., Barrera, D., Hervás, J., and Sales, S.:"Spatial Division Multiplexed Microwave Signal processing by selective grating inscription in homogeneous multicore fibers". Sci. Reports, no. 41727, 1–10, (2017)

  • Han, X., Yao, J.: Bandstop-to-bandpass microwave photonic filter using a phase-shifted fiber bragg grating. J Lightwave Technol 33(24), 1–1 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hopfer, S., Shani, Y., Nir, D.: A novel, wideband, lithium niobate electrooptic modulator. J Lightwave Technol 16(1), 73–77 (1998)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Hui, H. et al.: Lithium niobate-on-insulator (LNOI): status and perspectives. SPIE Photonics Europe International Society for Optics and Photonics 8431(2), 84311D–84311D-8 (2012)

  • Huo, L., Gan, L., Shen, L., et al.: Reconfigurable microwave photonic filter based on long period gratings inscribed in multicore fibers. IEEE Photonics J 11(1), 1–8 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jing, J., Wang, X., Lu, L., et al.: Reconfigurable RF notch filter based on an integrated silicon optical true time delay line. J Phys D Appl Phys 52(19), 194001 (2019)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Jung, B.M., Yao, J. A Two-Dimensional Optical True Time-Delay Beamformer Consisting of a Fiber Bragg Grating Prism and Switch-Based Fiber-Optic Delay Lines. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 21(10),0-629 (2019)

  • Krasnokutska, I., Tambasco, J.J., Li, X., et al.: Ultra-low loss photonic circuits in lithium niobate on insulator. Opt Express 26(2), 897–904 (2018)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Li, J., Yin, R., Huang, Q., et al.: AWG optical filter with tunable central wavelength and bandwidth based on LNOI and electro-optic effect. Optics Communications 454, 124445 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lin, D., et al.: A tunable optical delay line based on cascaded silicon nitride microrings for ka-band beamforming. IEEE Photonics J. 11(5), 1–10 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mahmoud, M., Cai, L., Bottenfield, C., et al.: Lithium niobate electro-optic racetrack modulator etched in Y-Cut LNOI platform. IEEE Photonics J 10(1), 1–10 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marpaung, D., Yao, J., Capmany, J.: New opportunities for integrated microwave photonics. J Lightwave Technol 32(20), 3785–3796 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  • Mercante, A.J., Shi, S., Yao, P., et al.: Thin film lithium niobate electro-optic modulator with terahertz operating bandwidth. Opt Express 26(11), 14810–14816 (2018)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Ortega, B., Cruz, J.L., Capmany, J., et al.: Analysis of a microwave time delay line based on a perturbed uniform fiber Bragg grating operating at constant wavelength. J Lightwave Technol 18(3), 430–436 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Porzi, C., Serafino, G., Velha, P., et al.: Integrated SOI high-order phase shifted bragg grating for microwave photonics signal processing. J Lightwave Technol 35(99), 1–1 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  • Shin, J.D., Lee, B.S., Kim, B.G.: Optical true time-delay feeder for X-band phased array antennas composed of 2×2 optical MEMS switches and fiber delay lines. IEEE Photonics Technol Letters 16(5), 1364–1366 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Soref, R.A., De Leonardis, F., Passaro, V.M.N.: Integrated on-chip bragg time-delay system for thermo-optical control of a microwave antenna. J Lightwave Technol 36(99), 1–1 (2018a)

    Google Scholar 

  • Toroghi, S., Fisher, C., Khan, S., et al.: Performance comparison of grating-assisted integrated photonic delay lines. J Lightwave Technol 34(23), 5431–5436 (2016)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, J., Ashrafi, R., Adams, R., Glesk, I., Gasulla, J., Capmany, L., Chen, R. "Subwavelength grating enabled on-chip ultra-compact optical true time delay line", Nature Scientific Reports 6 (30235), 1–10, 4, (2016).

  • Wang, C., Xiong, X., Andrade, N., et al.: Second harmonic generation in nano-structured thin-film lithium niobate waveguides. Opt Express 25(6), 6963–6973 (2017)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, Xu, Zhao, Y., Ding, Y., Xiao, S., Dong, J.: Tunable optical delay line based on integrated grating-assisted contradirectional couplers. Photon Res 6, 880–886 (2018a)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, C., Zhang, M., Chen, X., et al.: Integrated lithium niobate electro-optic modulators operating at CMOS-compatible voltages. Nature 562(7725), 101–104 (2018b)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, B., Ping, Lu, Mihailov, S.J., Fan, X., Yao, J.: Real-time and high-precision interrogation of a linearly chirped fiber bragg grating sensor array based on dispersive time delay and optical pulse compression. Opt Lett 44, 3246–3249 (2019)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Xu, L., Hou, J., Tang, H., et al.: Silicon-on-insulator-based microwave photonic filter with widely adjustable bandwidth. Photonics Res 7(2), 110 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yao, J., Zhang, W.: On-chip silicon photonic integrated frequency-tunable bandpass microwave photonic filter. Opt Lett 43(15), 3622–3625 (2018)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Yang, H., Li, J., Zheng, P., Hu, G., Yun, B., Cui, Y.: A stopband and passband switchable microwave photonic filter based on integrated dual ring coupled Mach–Zehnder interferometer. IEEE Photonics J 11(4), 1–8 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ye, X., Zhang, F., Pan, S.: Compact optical true time delay beamformer for a 2D phased array antenna using tunable dispersive elements. Opt Lett 41(17), 3956–3959 (2016)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  • Zou, X., Bai, W., Wei, C., et al.: Microwave photonics for featured applications in high-speed railways: communications, detection, and sensing. J Lightwave Technol 36(99), 1–1 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zheng, D., Madrigal, J., Barrera, D., et al.: Microwave photonic filtering for interrogating fbg-based multicore fiber curvature sensor. IEEE Photonics Technol Letters 6(6), 1–1 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zheng, P., et al.: A seven bit silicon optical true time delay line for ka-band phased array antenna. IEEE Photonics J 11(4), 1–9 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgement

This study was supported by National natural science foundation (61571273, 61771292, 31430031-2), The National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFC0803403), Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China (ZR2016FM29) and the Fundamental Research Funds of Hisense Broadband.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266200, People’s Republic of China

    Zisu Gong, Bo He, Wei Ji, Rui Yin, Jingyao Li & Zerui Song

Authors
  1. Zisu Gong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Bo He
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Wei Ji
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Rui Yin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Jingyao Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Zerui Song
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Wei Ji or Rui Yin.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Gong, Z., He, B., Ji, W. et al. LNOI waveguide grating based true time delay line for tunable bandpass microwave photonic filter. Opt Quant Electron 52, 427 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-020-02552-w

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-020-02552-w

Keywords

Search

Navigation