Abstract
Oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) ferritic steels are candidate materials for clad tubes in the upcoming Generation IV nuclear reactors. In the present work, a powder forging consolidation technique has been used for fabrication of ODS steels. Two alloys having nominal compositions (in weight %) of Fe-18Cr-2W-0.285Ti-0.5Y2O3 and Fe-18Cr-2W-0.571Ti-1Y2O3, respectively, have been studied in this work. The alloys were prepared by mechanical alloying of elemental powders with yttria in a Simoloyer high energy horizontal attritor. The milled powders were consolidated at 1473 K by powder forging in a flowing hydrogen gas atmosphere. Yttria to titanium ratio was kept constant at ~ 1.75 for both the alloys. TEM micrographs of the forged alloys showed fine recrystallized grains with a dispersion of nano-size Y-Ti-O oxide particles. High-resolution transmission electron microscope fringes and the corresponding fast Fourier transformation confirmed the presence of orthorhombic Y2TiO5 oxide particles in a ferrite matrix. These were the predominant oxide particles in the forged alloys. The Y2TiO5 particles were incoherent with the matrix and exhibited a cuboidal morphology. Despite their high yttria content, both the alloys showed high tensile strength and ductility at room temperature and 973 K. Reasons for this are discussed.
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Acknowledgments
The authors are thankful to Mr. Shubhneet Arora for his contribution to the TEM experiments in the Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering at IIT Roorkee. The authors are also grateful to the Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, IIT Roorkee, and MHRD for providing financial support under Grant Number MHRD/IITR/MMED/16921010, to carry out the research.
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Singh, R., Prakash, U., Kumar, D. et al. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Forged High Yttria 18Cr-ODS Steels. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 29, 6263–6276 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-020-05106-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-020-05106-z