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Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Low-Carbon Q235 Steel Welded Using Friction Stir Welding

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters) Aims and scope

Abstract

This study focuses on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the joints of Q235 mild steel, which was formed by the friction stir welding (FSW). The results indicated that, after the FSW, the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of the retreating side (HAZRS) and the HAZ of the advancing side (HAZAS) recovered under the influence of the heating cycle. The transformation of the phases in the thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ) of the retreating side (TMAZRS), the stir zone (SZ) and the TMAZ of the advancing side (TMAZAS) generated the pearlite and acicular ferrite. The continuous dynamic recrystallization occurred in all the three zones, whereas the grains were refined. The SZ mainly consisted of D1, D2 and F shear textures, while the TMAZAS was made up of only the F shear texture. The fine-grained structure, pearlite and the acicular ferrite improved the hardness and tensile strength of the joint. Its ultimate tensile strength was 479 MPa, which was 1.3% higher than that of the base metal. However, the uniform elongation was 16%, which showed a decrease of 33%. The fracture was a ductile fracture with the appearance of dimples. Besides, the joints of the FSW showed an excellent bending performance.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51974220, U1760201); the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. Z20180407); the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province (No. 2019JQ-111); the Key Industrial Research Program of Shaanxi Province, China (No. 2017ZDXM-GY-037, 2020ZDLGY13-06); the Xi’an Science and Technology Project (No. 201805033YD11CG17(8)).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Metallurgical Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an, 710055, China

    Hongduo Wang, Kuaishe Wang, Wen Wang, Pai Peng, Peng Han, Ke Qiao & Zhihao Liu

  2. National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Functional Materials Processing, Xi’an, 710055, China

    Kuaishe Wang, Wen Wang, Pai Peng, Peng Han, Ke Qiao & Zhihao Liu

  3. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an, 710065, China

    Hongduo Wang, Yongxin Lu & Lei Wang

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  1. Hongduo Wang
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Correspondence to Wen Wang.

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Wang, H., Wang, K., Wang, W. et al. Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Low-Carbon Q235 Steel Welded Using Friction Stir Welding. Acta Metall. Sin. (Engl. Lett.) 33, 1556–1570 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40195-020-01125-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40195-020-01125-w

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