Rhizospheric Soil Fungi from Several Food Crops in Purwokerto

There are several interaction patterns of fungus that live in the rhizosphere of plants, i.e. mutualism, commensalism, saprophytism, and parasitism. The objective of this study was to determine the genera of microscopic fungus collected from the rhizosphere of groundnut, mays plant, and rice field. In addition, the diversity of soil fungi of those three plants was considered. Research method applied was survey with purposive sampling. The rhizospheric soil sample was obtained from research locations of groundnut, mays plants, and rice field in Purwokerto area. The soil samples were taken from 1-10 cm deep. Next they were isolated, and then they were purified. Furthermore, the obtained data of fungus collection were then analysed descriptively, and also described based on their macro and micro morphology. Then, the collected fungus were identified by using identification manual for fungus. The result showed that fifteen (15) isolates were found in three different rhizosphere of ground nut, mays plants, and rice field. The description is as follow: Aspergillus-1, Aspergillus-2, Penicillium-1, Penicillium-2, Mycophyta, Aureobasidia, Cylindrocarpon, Mucor-1, Mucor-2, Chaetomium, Gliocladium, Trichoderma-1, Trichoderma-2, Pleurophragmium, and Gonytrichum. Finally, the diversity Index (H') noted from rhizosphere of groundnut plants was 0.312; mays was 0.195; and (H') of rice field was 0.124.