Hostname: page-component-8448b6f56d-qsmjn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-04-24T16:29:46.084Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Weed control and crop tolerance with S-metolachlor in seeded summer squash and cucumber

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  09 July 2020

Thierry E. Besançon Open the ORCID record for Thierry E. Besançon [Opens in a new window] ,
Maggie H. Wasacz  and
Baylee L. Carr
Thierry E. Besançon*
Affiliation:
Assistant Professor, Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
Maggie H. Wasacz
Affiliation:
Graduate student, Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
Baylee L. Carr
Affiliation:
Field Researcher IV, Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
*
Author for correspondence: Thierry Besançon, Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, P.E. Marucci Research Center, 125A Lake Oswego Road, Chatsworth, NJ08018. (Email: thierry.besancon@rutgers.edu)
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Residual herbicides remain the primary tool for efficient weed control in cucurbit crops because of the lack of crop tolerance to many POST herbicide options. Field experiments were conducted in New Jersey in 2018 and 2019 to determine weed control efficacy and tolerance of direct-seeded cucumber ‘Python’ and summer squash ‘Gold Prize’ to S-metolachlor applied at 0.7 or 1.4 kg ai ha−1 at planting (PRE) or when crops reached the second- to third-leaf stage (EPOST). Regardless of applied rate, S-metolachlor PRE or EPOST provided 96% to 100% control 3 wk after planting (WAP) of smooth pigweed, large crabgrass, and giant foxtail. S-metolachlor PRE significantly improved American black nightshade and carpetweed control 3 WAP with respect to bensulide, and smooth pigweed with respect to clomazone + ethalfluralin. Summer squash showed excellent tolerance, regardless of S-metolachlor rate or timing of application, with stunting not exceeding 17% 4 WAP and 3% 7 WAP at the 1.4 kg ha−1 rate. Marketable yield decreased by 15% with S-metolachlor PRE or POST at 1.4 kg ha−1 with respect to clomazone + ethalfluralin, a reduction not noted when comparing with bensulide or the handweeded control. Marketable fruit number plant−1 and individual fruit weight were not affected by S-metolachlor applications. Conversely, cucumber was more sensitive to S-metolachlor than summer squash was with 30% seedling emergence reduction and 36% to 43% stunting 4 WAP when S-metolachlor was applied PRE at 1.4 kg ha−1. EPOST application resulted in 15% to 26% cucumber injury 1 wk after treatment. Marketable yield declined by 21% and 39% with the 0.7 and 1.4 kg ha−1 rates of S-metolachlor, respectively, compared with clomazone + ethalfluralin. Therefore, S-metolachlor may be a novel alternative to already labeled residual herbicides for summer squash, but unacceptable injury and yield reduction do not support its registration on cucumber.

Keywords

BensulideclomazoneethalfluralinS-metolachlorAmerican black nightshade, Solanum americanum Mill.carpetweed, Mollugo verticillata L.giant foxtail, Setaria faberi Herrm.large crabgrass, Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.smooth pigweed, Amaranthus hybridus L.cucumber, Cucumis sativus L.summer squash, Cucurbita pepo L.Crop injurycucurbitsPRE herbicideVLCFA inhibitor
Type
Research Article
Information
Weed Technology , Volume 34 , Issue 6 , December 2020 , pp. 849 - 856
Copyright
© Weed Science Society of America, 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

Footnotes

Associate Editor: Peter J. Dittmar, University of Florida

References

Al-Khatib, K, Kadir, S, Libbey, C (1995) Broadleaf weed control with clomazone in pickling cucumber (Cucumis sativus). Weed Technol 9:166–172 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Begitschke, E, McCurdy, J, Tseng, T, Barickman, T, Stewart, B, Baldwin, C, Richard, M, Tomaso-Peterson, M (2018) Preemergence herbicide effects on hybrid bermudagrass root architecture and establishment. HortSci 53:567–572 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bollman, S, Sprague, C, Penner, D (2008) Physiological basis for tolerance of sugarbeet varieties to S-metolachlor and dimethenamid-p. Weed Sci 56:18–25 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, D, Masiunas, J (2002) Evaluation of herbicides for pumpkin (Cucurbita spp.). Weed Technol 16:282–292 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carmer, SG, Nyquist, WE, Walker, WM (1989) Least significant differences for combined analyses of experiments with two- or three-factor treatment designs. Agron J 81:665–672 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chomas, AJ, Kells, JJ (2004) Triazine-resistant common lambsquarters (Chenopodium album) control in corn with preemergence herbicides. Weed Technol 18:551–554 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferebee, J, Cahoon, C, Besançon, T, Flessner, M, Langston, D, Hines, T, Blake, H, Askew, M (2019) Fluridone and acetochlor cause unacceptable injury to pumpkin. Weed Technol 33:748–756 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frans, R, Talbert, R, Marx, D, Crowley, H (1986) Experimental design and techniques for measuring and analyzing plant responses to weed control practices. Pages 37–38 in Camper, ND, ed. Research Methods in Weed Science. Champaign, IL: Southern Weed Science Society Google Scholar
Grafen, A, Hails, R, eds (2002) Modern Statistics for the Life Sciences. Vol. 123. New York, NY: Oxford University Press Oxford. 409 pGoogle Scholar
Grey, TL, Bridges, DC, NeSmith, DS (2000a) Tolerance of cucurbits to the herbicides clomazone, ethalfluralin and pendimethalin. II. Watermelon. HortSci 35:637–641 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grey, TL, Bridges, DC, NeSmith, DS (2000b) tolerance of cucurbits to the herbicides clomazone, ethalfluralin, and pendimethalin. I. Summer squash. HortSci 35:632–636 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guttieri, MJ, Eberlein, CV (1997) Preemergence weed control in potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) with rimsulfuron mixtures. Weed Technol 11:755–761 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heap, I (2019) The International Survey of Herbicide Resistant Weeds. www.weedscience.org. Accessed: November 20, 2019Google Scholar
Hutchinson, PJS (2012) Common lambsquarters and hairy nightshade control in potato with dimethenamid-p alone and in tank mixtures and comparison of control by dimethenamid-p with S-metolachlor and metolachlor. Weed Technol 26:279–283 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, WC, Mullinix, BG (2005) Effect of herbicide application method on weed management and crop injury in transplanted cantaloupe production. Weed Technol 19:108–112 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jordan, DL, Wilcut, JW, Fortner, LD (1994) Utility of clomazone for annual grass and broadleaf weed control in peanut (Arachis hypogaea). Weed Technol 8:23–27 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Le Baron, HM, McFarland, JE, Simoneaux, BJ, Ebert, E (1988) Metolachlor. Pages 335–373 in Kerney, P, Kaufman, D, eds. Herbicides: Chemistry, Degradation, and Mode of Action. New York, NY: Dekker Google Scholar
Li, Z, Van Acker, RC, Robinson, DE, Soltani, N, Sikkema, PH (2016) Halosulfuron tank-mixes applied PRE in white bean. Weed Technol 30:57–66 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liebl, RA, Norman, MA (1991) Mechanism of clomazone selectivity in corn (Zea mays), soybean (Glycine max), smooth pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus), and velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti). Weed Sci 39:329–332 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, H, Huang, R, Xie, F, Zhang, S, Shi, J (2012) Enantioselective phytotoxicity of metolachlor against maize and rice roots. J Hazard Mater 217-218:330–337 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Macrae, A, Culpepper, A, Batts, R, Lewis, K (2008) Seeded watermelon and weed response to halosulfuron applied preemergence and postemergence. Weed Technol 22:86–90 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meyers, SL, Jennings, KM, Schultheis, JR, Monks, DW (2010) Evaluation of flumioxazin and S-metolachlor rate and timing for palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) control in sweetpotato. Weed Technol 24:495–503 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Monks, DW, Schultheis, JR (1998) Critical weed-free period for large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) in transplanted watermelon (Citrullus lanatus). Weed Sci 46:530–532 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norsworthy, JK, Smith, JP (2005) Tolerance of leafy greens to preemergence and postemergence herbicides. Weed Technol 19:724–730 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norsworthy, JK, Ward, SM, Shaw, DR, Llewellyn, RS, Nichols, RL, Webster, TM, Bradley, KW, Frisvold, G, Powles, SB, Burgos, NR, Witt, WW, Barrett, M (2012) Reducing the risks of herbicide resistance: best management practices and recommendations. Weed Sci 60(SP1):31–62 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nurse, RE, Robinson, DE, Hamill, AS, Sikkema, PH (2006) Annual broadleaved weed control in transplanted tomato with clomazone in Canada. Crop Prot 25:795–799 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ogg, AG (1986) Variation in response of four nightshades (Solanum spp.) to herbicides. Weed Sci 34:765–772 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peachey, E, Doohan, D, Koch, T (2012) Selectivity of fomesafen based systems for preemergence weed control in cucurbit crops. Crop Prot 40:91–97 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scott, JE, Weston, LA, Jones, RT (1995) Clomazone for weed control in transplanted cole crops (Brassica oleracea). Weed Sci 43:121–127 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shaner, DL, ed (2014) Herbicide Handbook. 10th edn. Lawrence, KS: Weed Science Society of America. 513 pGoogle Scholar
Soltani, N, Nurse, RE, Sikkema, PH (2014) Weed management in kidney bean with tank mixes of S-metolachlor, imazethapyr and linuron. Agric Sci 5:611–617 Google Scholar
Sosnoskie, LM, Davis, AL, Culpepper, AS (2008) Response of seeded and transplanted summer squash to S-metolachlor applied at planting and postemergence. Weed Technol 22:253–256 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Starke, KD, Monks, DW, Mitchem, WE, Macrae, AW (2006) Response of five summer-squash (Cucurbita pepo) cultivars to halosulfuron. Weed Technol 20:617–621 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Trader, BW, Wilson, HP, Hines, TE (2008) Control of yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus) and smooth pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus) in summer squash with halosulfuron. Weed Technol 22:660–665 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Troxler, SC, Askew, SD, Wilcut, JW, Smith, WD, Paulsgrove, MD (2002) Clomazone, fomesafen, and bromoxynil systems for bromoxynil-resistant cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). Weed Technol 16:838–844 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
[USDA-AMS] U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service (2018) United States Standards for Grades of Cucumbers. https://www.ams.usda.gov/sites/default/files/media/CucumberStandards.pdf. Accessed: November 19, 2019Google Scholar
[USDA-AMS] U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service (2016) United States Standards for Grades of Summer Squash. https://www.ams.usda.gov/sites/default/files/media/SummerSquashStandard.pdf. Accessed :November 19, 2019Google Scholar
[USDA-NASS] U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Statistics Service (2019a) Quick Stats. https://quickstats.nass.usda.gov. Accessed: November 19, 2019Google Scholar
[USDA-NASS] U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Statistics Service (2019b) New Jersey Principal Vegetables, 2018. https://www.nass.usda.gov/Statistics_by_State/New_Jersey/Publications/Principal_Vegetables_Annual_Summary/2018 NJ Principal Vegetables.pdf. Accessed: November 19, 2019Google Scholar
Vollmer, KM, Besançon, TE, Carr, BL, VanGessel, MJ, Scott, BA (2020) Spring-seeded cereal rye suppresses weeds in watermelon. Weed Technol 34:42–47 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wallace, RW, Bellinder, RR (1992) Alternative tillage and herbicide options for successful weed control in vegetables. HortSci 27:745–748 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wallace, J, Lingenfelter, D, VanGessel, M, Johnson, Q, Vollmer, K, Besancon, T, Flessner, M, Chandran, R (eds) (2020) Mid-Atlantic Field Crop Weed Management Guide. State College, PA: Penn State Extension Service. 258 pGoogle Scholar
Webster, TM, Culpepper, AS, Johnson, WC (2003) Response of squash and cucumber cultivars to halosulfuron. Weed Technol 17:173–176 Google Scholar
Wyenandt, CA, Kuhar, TP, Hamilton, GC, VanGessel, MJ, Arancibia, RA (2019) Mid-Atlantic Commercial Vegetable Production Recommendations. https://njaes.rutgers.edu/pubs/commercial-veg-rec/preface-table-of-contents.pdf. Accessed: November 19, 2019Google Scholar