Abstract
Background
Systemic inflammation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of moyamoya disease (MMD). Sortilin is a critical regulator of proinflammatory cytokine secretion in several cell types. The present study investigated the association between circulating sortilin and proinflammatory cytokine levels and the occurrence of MMD.
Methods
Forty-two MMD cases and 76 age- and sex-matched controls were enrolled in this study between January 2018 and June 2019 at the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University. The demographic and clinical characteristics were evaluated, and the circulating serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of sortilin, sortilin-related receptor with A-type repeats (SorLA), and proinflammatory cytokines including C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-6, interferon (IFN)-γ were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Linear regression and correlation analyses were used to estimate the associations between sortilin, SorLA, and proinflammatory cytokine levels.
Results
MMD patients had higher serum levels of sortilin (P = 0.012), CRP (P = 0.013), IL-6 (P = 0.004), and IFN-γ (P = 0.033) than healthy controls. In MMD patients, serum sortilin was positively correlated with serum proinflammatory cytokines (CRP: r = 0.459, P = 0.0022; IL-6: r = 0.445, P = 0.0032; and IFN-γ: r = 0.448, P = 0.0029) and CSF sortilin (r = 0.440, P = 0.0035); the latter was positively correlated with CSF levels of CRP (r = 0.542, P = 0.0002), IL-6 (r = 0.440, P = 0.0036), and IFN-γ (r = 0.443, P = 0.0033).
Conclusions
Elevated sortilin level is associated MMD onset and may be a clinically useful biomarker along with proinflammatory cytokine levels.
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Acknowledgements
The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81602846) and Taishan Scholar Project of Shandong Province (tsqn201812159).
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Supplementary Fig. 1
Correlations between CSF levels of sortilin and CRP, IL-6, and IFN-γ in MMD patients with low sortilin CSF level (≤ 400 ng/L) (A, B, C) and high sortilin CSF level (> 400 ng/L) (D, E, F). ***P < 0.001. CSF: cerebrospinal fluid. (DOCX 142 KB)
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Han, W., Qiao, Y., Zhang, H. et al. Circulating sortilin levels are associated with inflammation in patients with moyamoya disease. Metab Brain Dis 36, 103–109 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-020-00616-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11011-020-00616-0