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Will Macrophomina phaseolina spread in legumes due to climate change? A critical review of current knowledge

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Abstract

The response of climate change to the existing biotic stresses in legumes especially fungal diseases is a key global concern. The legumes are attacked by several yield-limiting fungal diseases, and dry root rot (DRR) or charcoal rot (CR) caused by Macrophomina phaseolina is an important disease in legumes. There have been noteworthy scientific reports on the issue of how climate change is expected to be accountable for the survival and spread of M. phaseolina in legumes and other crops. In particular, microsclerotia, which are the source of primary inoculum, play an important role in the life cycle of M. phaseolina, help in survival and spread as well as disease initiation and development. Adaptation strategies through crop management (rotating field and cropping practices, use of chemicals and bio-fungicides) and development of resistant varieties through breeding could be developed, evaluated and pooled to partially cope with the impact of M. phaseolina in legumes. The adaptation strategies can support to alleviate some of the climate change impacts in disease spread in legumes; however, eventually, there is a boundary as to how far leguminous crops can adapt to the changing climate and can combat with the DRR/CR, which is essential for durable food security. Understanding the current status of spread of M. phaseolina in legumes due to climate change and limitations of the existing mitigation strategies is important, and there are many breaks for the future study. This review discusses the current status of significance of M. phaseolina in legumes, impact of climatic factors on its life cycle, survival and spread in different leguminous crops, adaptation strategies and impact of climate change on it as well as highlights important knowledge gaps for potential future research.

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Correspondence to Abhay K. Pandey.

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Pandey, A.K., Basandrai, A.K. Will Macrophomina phaseolina spread in legumes due to climate change? A critical review of current knowledge. J Plant Dis Prot 128, 9–18 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41348-020-00374-2

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