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Ultrasonic-Air-Assisted Solidification of Settled Organic Drop Microextraction Using Terpene-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents for the Effectual Enrichment of Methadone in Biological Samples

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Abstract

In this research, three novel ultra-hydrophobic, low-viscosity, non-ionic, and heavier-than-water deep eutectic solvents (DES) based on salol and terpenes are proposed. The prepared DESs were effectively used as extraction solvents in the solidification of settled organic drop (SSOD) microextraction. Despite other hydrophobic DESs, these sustainable bio-compatible extraction mediums are compatible with GC. The ultrasonic-air agitation service for the formation of the emulsion was used to enhance the mass transfer of target analytes to extract into the fine DES droplets. Phase separation in this new enrichment method was simply achieved by centrifugation of cloudy solution at 20 °C followed by decanting the aqueous solution. The effect of the main variables on the extraction efficiency of methadone was investigated. The proposed method because of its distinctive features can be introduced as a simple and effective method for the enrichment of methadone in water and biological samples. Limits of detection derived after optimizing influential parameters ranged between 0.3 and 1.5 µg L−1. The relative standard deviations (RSD) were less than 10% and the enrichment factor values were in the range of 65–314. Recoveries obtained through methadone analysis in real samples were in the acceptable range of 91.5–105.5%.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran

    Maryam Nedaei & Sohrab Ali Ghorbanian

  2. Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Khosrou Abdi & Nazanin Pirooznia

  3. Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Khosrou Abdi

Authors
  1. Maryam Nedaei
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  2. Khosrou Abdi
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  3. Sohrab Ali Ghorbanian
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  4. Nazanin Pirooznia
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Correspondence to Khosrou Abdi or Sohrab Ali Ghorbanian.

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Nedaei, M., Abdi, K., Ghorbanian, S.A. et al. Ultrasonic-Air-Assisted Solidification of Settled Organic Drop Microextraction Using Terpene-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents for the Effectual Enrichment of Methadone in Biological Samples. Chromatographia 83, 1413–1421 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10337-020-03952-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10337-020-03952-6

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