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Stress–response relationships related to ageing and death of orthodox seeds: a study comparing viability and RNA integrity in soya bean (Glycine max) cv. Williams 82

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 September 2020

Christina Walters ,
Margaret B. Fleming ,
Lisa M. Hill ,
Emma J. Dorr  and
Christopher M. Richards
Christina Walters*
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS National Laboratory for Genetic Resources Preservation, 1111 S. Mason Street, Fort Collins, CO80521, USA
Margaret B. Fleming
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS National Laboratory for Genetic Resources Preservation, 1111 S. Mason Street, Fort Collins, CO80521, USA
Lisa M. Hill
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS National Laboratory for Genetic Resources Preservation, 1111 S. Mason Street, Fort Collins, CO80521, USA
Emma J. Dorr
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS National Laboratory for Genetic Resources Preservation, 1111 S. Mason Street, Fort Collins, CO80521, USA
Christopher M. Richards
Affiliation:
USDA-ARS National Laboratory for Genetic Resources Preservation, 1111 S. Mason Street, Fort Collins, CO80521, USA
*
Author for Correspondence: Christina Walters, E-mail: christina.walters@ars.usda.gov
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Abstract

Characterizing non-lethal damage within dry seeds may allow us to detect early signs of ageing and accurately predict longevity. We compared RNA degradation and viability loss in seeds exposed to stressful conditions to quantify relationships between degradation rates and stress intensity or duration. We subjected recently harvested (‘fresh’) ‘Williams 82’ soya bean seeds to moisture, temperature and oxidative stresses, and measured time to 50% viability (P50) and rate of RNA degradation, the former using standard germination assays and the latter using RNA Integrity Number (RIN). RIN values from fresh seeds were also compared with those from accessions of the same cultivar harvested in the 1980s and 1990s and stored in the refrigerator (5°C), freezer (−18°C) or in vapour above liquid nitrogen (−176°C). Rates of viability loss (P50−1) and RNA degradation (RIN⋅d−1) were highly correlated in soya bean seeds that were exposed to a broad range of temperatures [holding relative humidity (RH) constant at about 30%]. However, the correlation weakened when fresh seeds were maintained at high RH (holding temperature constant at 35°C) or exposed to oxidizing agents. Both P50−1 and RIN⋅d−1 parameters exhibited breaks in Arrhenius behaviour near 50°C, suggesting that constrained molecular mobility regulates degradation kinetics of dry systems. We conclude that the kinetics of ageing reactions at RH near 30% can be simulated by temperatures up to 50°C and that RNA degradation can indicate ageing prior to and independent of seed death.

Keywords

accelerated ageingdesiccationfreezerglasskineticslongevityoxidativerelative humidityRNA integritysolid-state biologytemperatureviability equationsvitrification
Type
Research Paper
Information
Seed Science Research , Volume 30 , Issue 2 , June 2020 , pp. 161 - 172
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Cambridge University Press

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Footnotes

†

Current address: Department of Plant Biology, 612 Wilson Road, Room 262, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1312, USA.

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