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Experimental and Computational Investigation of Diesel and Gasoline Injection in a Direct Injection Compression Ignition Engine

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Abstract

In this paper, the numerical simulation of the diesel and gasoline fuels injection in a constant volume chamber and in a cylinder under the operating conditions of a compression ignition (CI) engine is conducted. The simulation results are compared with the experimental data which derived from fast imaging techniques. In order to check out the possibility of using gasoline instead of diesel to increase the volumetric efficiency of the CI engine, the spray characteristics of the gasoline and diesel with injection pressures of 40 and 80 MPa, as well as temperatures of 243, 273 and 313 K, under cold start condition is investigated. The results show that under the same conditions, the vapor penetration length for the two fuels is approximately equal and due to the lower volatility of the diesel fuel, its liquid penetration length in 40 and 80 MPa injection pressures was found to be 7 and 9 mm higher than gasoline, respectively. In addition, the reduction in fuel temperature from 313 K to 243 K leads an increase in the penetration of gasoline and diesel liquids by 12 and 10 mm, respectively. Finally, the decrease in the evaporation rate causes a non-homogeneous mixture and results an increase in the unburned hydrocarbons and emissions.

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Abbreviations

ρ :

total gas density, kg/m3

\(\overrightarrow v \) :

velocity vector of the gas, m/s

p :

static pressure, Pa

\(\overline \tau \) :

stress tensor, N/m2

T :

temperature, K

k eff :

effective thermal conductivity coefficient, W/m·K

k g :

thermal conductivity coefficient of vapor, W/m·K

E :

internal energy, J

h :

enthalpy, J

X f :

mass fraction of the fuel

μ :

effective viscosity, kg/m·s

μ m :

molecular viscosity, kg/m·s

g :

gravity acceleration, m/s2

c p :

special heat, J/kg·K

v′:

turbulence fluctuation of gas velocity, m/s

r :

droplet radius, m

u :

liquid velocity, m/s

σ :

surface tension, N/m

Pr k :

prandtl number of turbulent kinetic energy

Pr ε :

prandtl number of turbulence dissipation rate

Pr d :

prandtl number of droplet

C μ :

constant

C ε1 :

constant

C ε2 :

constant

C ε3 :

constant

C s :

constant

C ε :

constant

B 0 :

constant

B 1 :

constant

Cτ :

constant

C RT :

constant

We limit :

constant

m s, limit :

constant

CI:

compression ignition

DICI:

direct injection compression ignition

ATDC:

after top dead center

BTDC:

before top dead center

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This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Malek-Ashtar University of Technology, P.O. Box 83145/115, Shahin-Shahr, Isfahan, Iran

    Mohammad Nazemi Babadi & Saeid Kheradmand

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea

    Choongsik Bae

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  1. Mohammad Nazemi Babadi
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  2. Saeid Kheradmand
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  3. Choongsik Bae
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Correspondence to Saeid Kheradmand.

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Babadi, M.N., Kheradmand, S. & Bae, C. Experimental and Computational Investigation of Diesel and Gasoline Injection in a Direct Injection Compression Ignition Engine. Int.J Automot. Technol. 21, 23–32 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12239-020-0003-1

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