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Bioaccumulation potential of indigenous plants for heavy metal phytoremediation in rural areas of Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar, Punjab (India)

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Abstract

The present study was planned to explore the bioaccumulation potential of 23 plant species via bioaccumulation factor (BAf), metal accumulation index (MAI), translocation potential (Tf), and comprehensive bioconcentration index (CBCI) for seven heavy metals (cadmium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, manganese, and zinc). The studied plants, in the vicinity of ponds at Sahlon: site 1, Chahal Khurd: site 2, and Karnana: site 3 in Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar, Punjab (India), were Ageratum conyzoides (L.) L., Amaranthus spinosus L., Amaranthus viridis L., Brassica napus L., Cannabis sativa L., Dalbergia sissoo DC., Duranta repens L., Dysphania ambrosioides (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants, Ficus infectoria Roxb., Ficus palmata Forssk., Ficus religiosa L., Ipomoea carnea Jacq., Medicago polymorpha L., Melia azedarach L., Morus indica L., Malva rotundifolia L., Panicum virgatum L., Parthenium hysterophorus L., Dolichos lablab L., Ricinus communis L., Rumex dentatus L., Senna occidentalis (L.) Link, and Solanum nigrum L. BAf and Tf values showed high inter-site deviations for studied metals. MAI values were found to be more substantial in shoots as compared with that of roots of plants. Maximum CBCI values were observed for M. azedarach (0.626), M. indica (0.572), D. sissoo (0.497), and R. communis (0.474) for site 1; F. infectoria (0.629), R. communis (0.541), D. sissoo (0.483), F. palmata (0.457), and D. repens (0.448) for site 2; D. sissoo (0.681), F. religiosa (0.447), and R. communis (0.429) for site 3. Although, high bioaccumulation of individual metals was observed in herbs like C. sativa, M. polymorpha, and Amaranthus spp., cumulatively, trees were found to be the better bioaccumulators of heavy metals.

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Funding

The present study was supported by the University Grants Commission (UGC), New Delhi, under the Maulana Azad National Fellowship scheme to the first author (vide grant no. 201213-MANF-2012-13-SIK-PUN-16486). The authors received the financial assistance granted by the University Grants Commission (UGC), New Delhi, for instrumentation facility under UGC CPEPA and UPE program.

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  1. Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India

    Jagdeep Kaur Parihar, Pardeep Kaur Parihar & Jatinder Kaur Katnoria

  2. CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, India

    Yogesh B. Pakade

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  1. Jagdeep Kaur Parihar
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  2. Pardeep Kaur Parihar
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  3. Yogesh B. Pakade
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Correspondence to Jatinder Kaur Katnoria.

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Parihar, J.K., Parihar, P.K., Pakade, Y.B. et al. Bioaccumulation potential of indigenous plants for heavy metal phytoremediation in rural areas of Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar, Punjab (India). Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 2426–2442 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10454-3

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