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Saliva biomonitoring using LPME-GC/MS method to assess dentistry exposure to plasticizers

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Abstract

Bisphenol A and phthalates are endocrine disruptors widely used as chemical additives mainly in plastic products, including materials for dentistry procedures. Besides, many plasticizers have been associated with important diseases requiring performed methods for their quantification. In the present study, an alternative method for the determination of bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalate metabolites in saliva was developed and validated using hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction (HF-LPME) for sample preparation and gas chromatography coupled to ion trap mass spectrometry (GC/MS) for analysis. A mixture of octanol and ethyl octanoate (1:1 v/v) was used as an acceptor phase in hollow fiber to extract the analytes from saliva samples. A Doehlert design was performed to optimize the variable sample agitation and extraction time. The HF-LPME-GC/MS method developed for saliva analysis showed good selectivity, linearity (R2 > 0.900), and precision (CV = 0.86–18.68%). Limits of detection and quantification ranged from 0.03 to 0.53 μg L−1 and 0.09 to 1.78 μg L−1, respectively. A high concentration of BPA in the oral cavity and oropharyngeal space is a warning of the possible association with the main cancer of the mouth. The method developed and validated was applied to patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (study group, n = 16) and patients who did not present any oral lesion (control group, n = 16). A principal component analysis was performed and showed a tendency for the association between oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and plasticizers.

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Funding

This study was funded by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brasil (CAPES) – Finance Code 001. Funding was also provided by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) and Ministério da Saúde do Brasil.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Química, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270901, Brazil

    José Messias Gomes, Zenilda de Lourdes Cardeal & Helvécio Costa Menezes

  2. Departamento de Clínica, Patologia e Cirurgia Oral, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270901, Brazil

    Tatiana Fernandes Araujo Almeida & Tarcília Aparecida da Silva

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  1. José Messias Gomes
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Contributions

José Messias Gomes: conceptualization, methodology, investigation, validation, writing—original draft. Tatiana Fernandes Araujo Almeida: writing—review and editing, methodology. Tarcília Aparecida da Silva: writing—review and editing, resources: Zenilda de Lourdes Cardeal: data curation, project administration, resources. Helvécio Costa Menezes: software, supervision, writing—review and editing.

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Correspondence to Helvécio Costa Menezes.

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Dedicated to the memory of Gabriela Dias Cerqueira, who developed the method and sadly passed away prematurely.

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Gomes, J.M., Almeida, T.F.A., da Silva, T.A. et al. Saliva biomonitoring using LPME-GC/MS method to assess dentistry exposure to plasticizers. Anal Bioanal Chem 412, 7799–7810 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-020-02908-x

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