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Costus stripe mosaic virus, a tentative new member of the genus Potyvirus

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Abstract

Morphological, biological, serological, and molecular tests underpin the description of costus stripe mosaic virus (CoSMV) as a new member of the genus Potyvirus, family Potyviridae. Found affecting the native ornamental Costus spiralis in Brazil, the pathogen showed a severely restricted natural and experimental host range. Excluding the poly(A) tail, the CoSMV genome contains a large open reading frame (ORF) of 9,446 nucleotides that encodes a polyprotein with 3,046 amino acids, which is potentially cleaved into ten products, and a small ORF (77 amino acids) knows as PIPO. Genome analysis demonstrated the highest CoSMV nucleotide sequence identity to onion yellow dwarf virus (51.79%). No evidence of recombination was detected in the CoSMV genome, and phylogenetic analysis revealed its basal position in a group formed by members of the genus Potyvirus, along with Cyrtanthus elatus virus A (Vallota speciosa virus) and canna yellow streak virus. CoSMV was not transmitted by aphids of the species Aphis solanella, Myzus persicae or Uroleucon sonchi, which could be due to mutations in the HC-Pro motifs required for aphid transmission. A divergence in the P1 protein cleavage site was found when compared to other members of the family Potyviridae. Based on its unique biological and molecular characteristics and the current species demarcation criteria, we propose CoSMV to be a new tentative member of the genus Potyvirus.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Marcela Paduan and Horacio Montenegro (Center for Functional Genomics, ESALQ, USP) for their excellent technical support. We also thank Charleston Gonçalves (Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, IAC, SP) for the botanical identification of Costus species, and IAC Horticulture Center, which provided the Costus species from the Ornamental Zingiberales Collection used in the transmission tests. We thank Juliana Freitas-Astúa (EMBRAPA Cassava and Fruits, BA, Brazil) for providing laboratory facilities for RACE analysis.

Funding

This research received financial support from FAPESP 2017/18910-4 and 50334-3.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Fitovirologia Fisiopatológica, Instituto Biológico, Av. Cons. Rodrigues Alves 1252, São Paulo, SP, 04014-002, Brazil

    M. Amelia V. Alexandre, Ligia M. L. Duarte, Alexandre L. R. Chaves & Leilane K. Rodrigues

  2. Laboratório de Biologia Molecular Aplicada, Instituto Biológico, Av. Cons. Rodrigues Alves 1252, São Paulo, SP, 04014-002, Brazil

    Pedro L. Ramos-González, Ricardo Harakava & Camila Chabi-Jesus

  3. Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiróz, USP, CP 09, Piracicaba, SP, CEP 13418-900, Brazil

    Camila Chabi-Jesus & E. W. Kitajima

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  1. M. Amelia V. Alexandre
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Alexandre, M.A.V., Duarte, L.M.L., Ramos-González, P.L. et al. Costus stripe mosaic virus, a tentative new member of the genus Potyvirus. Arch Virol 165, 2541–2548 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-020-04788-z

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