Comparative kinetics study on carbonation of ettringite and meta-ettringite based materials
Section snippets
Cement chemist notation
A Alumina (Al2O3) C Lime (CaO) Carbon dioxide (CO2) H Water (H2O) M Periclase (MgO) S Silica (SiO2) Sulphur trioxide (SO3)
Materials
High calcium aluminate cements containing additional calcium sulphate (p-CAC and BCSAF) were used to obtain pastes rich in ettringite. To produce pastes with different ettringite contents, some p-CAC was mixed with OPC (CEM I 52.5 N), improving mechanical properties and decreasing the risk of self-breakage due to significant shrinkage. The BCSAF was light brown cement with high ye'elimite content. Chemical compositions and mineralogical phases of the three cements were analysed by X-ray
Characterisation of reference materials before carbonation
The physical characteristics of the hardened mixtures are summarised in Table 4 using methods like theoretical CO2 binding capacity, water vapour isothermal absorption, MIP, and compressive strength. The grains of different mixtures were generally in the 1–2 mm and 2–4 mm ranges. For C80P20, the mean size was 1.04 mm for 1–2 mm, while it was 2.07 mm for 2–4 mm. Similarly, it was 0.98 mm and 2.50 mm for 1–2 mm and 2–4 mm of C60P40, respectively, 1.13 mm and 2.11 mm for BCSAF. The compressive
Discussion
This work studies the carbonation of cement-based materials rich in ettringite/meta-ettringite for potential thermal energy storage use. The evolution of ettringite and carbonate content is discussed, with a comparison of two other materials with high ettringite content. Although ettringite is a dominant phase in these materials, other hydrates like monosulfate, strätlingite, and calcium aluminate hydrates contribute against carbonation to protect ettringite. The influence of CO2 on the
Conclusion
This study significantly advances the understanding of natural and accelerated carbonation of ettringite and meta-ettringite-based material. The current results of carbonation experimentations typically conducted by TGA and XRD lead to the following conclusions.
- 1.
Relative humidity is the key controlling factor of carbonation, whatever the grain size (1 to 4 mm) of ettringite and meta-ettringite-based materials. Both the instantaneous rate of carbonation and the maximum degree of carbonation (up
CRediT authorship contribution statement
Author 1: Bao Chen
- a)
Conceived and designed the analysis
- b)
Collected the data
- c)
Contributed data or analysis tools
- d)
Performed the analysis
- e)
Wrote the paper
Author 2: Matthieu Horgnies
- a)
Conceived and designed the analysis
- b)
Contributed data or analysis tools
- c)
Performed the analysis
- d)
Wrote the paper
Author 3: Bruno Huet
- a)
Conceived and designed the analysis
- b)
Contributed data or analysis tools
- c)
Performed the analysis
- d)
Wrote the paper
Author 4: Vincent Morin
- a)
Conceived and designed the analysis
- b)
Contributed data or analysis tools
- c)
Declaration of competing interest
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Acknowledgement
The authors would like to thank LafargeHolcim Innovation Center and Association Nationale de la Recherche et de la Technologie (ANRT) of France for the funding of this research. The authors address the appreciation to Mouna Boumaaza, Isabelle Baco and the analytical support team from LafargeHolcim Innovation Center for their precious discussions and analysis support.
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2022, Journal of Cleaner ProductionCitation Excerpt :The amount of chemically bound water increases after 1-day carbonation from 15.42 wt% (HCP I) and 8.63 wt% (HCP III) to 31.74 wt% (C1A I) and 28.83 wt% (C1A III), respectively, which is in contrast to the results reported in (Shah et al., 2018; Skocek et al., 2020). This can be attributed in part to the reformation of ettringite (Chen et al., 2020; Ndiaye et al., 2017) according to XRD results. On the other hand, HCP I and HCP III were treated at 105 °C while the prepared samples were dried at 40 °C, contributing to the higher amount of chemically bound water determined from 75 °C to 550 °C.