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Importance of local and landscape variables on multiple facets of stream fish biodiversity in a Neotropical agroecosystem

  • NEOTROPICAL STREAMS IN CHANGING LANDSCAPES
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Abstract

Few studies have considered the effects of environmental variables at different spatial scales on Neotropical stream biodiversity. Furthermore, scale-related studies mostly include only one facet of biodiversity. To determine the contribution of local and landscape variables to the variation in the taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic α-diversity of stream fish assemblages, we sampled 85 streams in the Upper Paraná River basin, Brazil. Local variables explained a substantial fraction of the variance in almost all biodiversity facets. Landscape variables (i.e., land-use and spatial variables) contributed little to the variation in the α-component of biodiversity. Our results thus highlight the importance of local features for maintaining stream fish biodiversity in agroecosystems. Probably, land-use were not significant because the study area was in a relatively homogeneous landscape severely impacted by anthropogenic activities. It is possible that insignificant effects of spatial structuring occurred because the ichthyofauna has already gone through a homogenization process and/or due to the spatial scale of our study. We suggest that even though local-scale restoration actions would influence biodiversity, we should not neglect landscape restoration because substantial improvements in the ecological integrity of streams are more likely to be accomplished with large-scale actions (e.g., re-establishment of the native riparian forest).

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Acknowledgements

We thank our colleagues from the Ichthyology Laboratory for their help during laboratory and fieldwork; UNESP campus São José do Rio Preto (IBILCE) and Finnish Environment Institute for facilities; ICMBio for the collecting license (SISBIO 5580-1/11435); landowners for permission to conduct research on their properties; Frederico T. S. Miranda and Márcia S. Morinaga for their help with land-use data; Francisco Langeani and Fernando R. Carvalho for their help with fish identification. We also appreciate the critical reading and suggestions from the two anonymous reviewers. This study received financial support from Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo – FAPESP (2012/05983-0). CARF received a scholarship from The World Academy of Sciences and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (TWAS–CNPq Postgraduate Fellowship Program 190199/2011-3); JOZ is financially supported by FAPESP (2018/06033-1); LC and MVC are financially supported by CNPq (301877/2017-3 and 307796/2015-9, respectively); CARF receives research support from Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, UPTC (Research call: VIE 07-2020; Research project code: SGI-2908).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Zoology and Botany, UNESP - São Paulo State University, 2265 Cristóvão Colombo Street, São José do Rio Preto, SP, 15054-000, Brazil

    Camilo A. Roa-Fuentes, Jaquelini O. Zeni & Lilian Casatti

  2. Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, UPTC, Avenida Central del Norte 39-115, Tunja, Boyacá, Colombia

    Camilo A. Roa-Fuentes

  3. Freshwater Centre, Finnish Environment Institute, Paavo Havaksen Tie 3, 90570, Oulu, Finland

    Jani Heino

  4. Department of Ecology, UNESP - São Paulo State University, 1515 24A Avenue, Rio Claro, SP, 13506-900, Brazil

    Jaquelini O. Zeni

  5. Forest Hydrology Laboratory (LHF), “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil

    Silvio Ferraz

  6. Ecology Department, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Goiás, CP 131, 74001-970, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil

    Marcus V. Cianciaruso

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Correspondence to Camilo A. Roa-Fuentes.

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Guest editors: David J. Hoeinghaus, Jaquelini O. Zeni, Gabriel L. Brejão, Rafael P. Leitão & Renata G. Frederico / Neotropical Stream Fish Ecology in a Changing Landscape

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Roa-Fuentes, C.A., Heino, J., Zeni, J.O. et al. Importance of local and landscape variables on multiple facets of stream fish biodiversity in a Neotropical agroecosystem. Hydrobiologia 849, 4447–4464 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-020-04396-7

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