Abstract
A new eurypterid specimen from the Early Devonian of Willwerath is described. The character combination seen in this fossil suggests that it is probably an adelophthalmoid eurypterid morphologically not unlike the co-occurring Parahughmilleria. However, it differs in many respects and a new genus and species, Pruemopterus salgadoi gen. et sp. nov., is proposed to accommodate this fossil. This finding underpins the importance of Willwerath as a eurypterid Lagerstätte with respect to exceptional preservation and high diversity.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anderson, L.I., M. Poschmann, and C. Brauckmann. 1998. On the Emsian (Lower Devonian) arthropods of the Rhenish Slate Mountains: 2 The synziphosurine Willwerathia. Paläontologische Zeitschrift 72: 325–336.
Braddy, S.J., and J.A. Dunlop. 1997. The functional morphology of mating in the Silurian eurypterid, Baltoeurypterus tetragonophthalmus (Fischer, 1839). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 121: 435–461.
Braddy, S.J., M. Poschmann, and O.E. Tetlie. 2008. Giant claw reveals the largest ever arthropod. Biology Letters 4: 106–109.
Burmeister, H. 1843. Die Organisation der Trilobiten, aus ihren lebenden Verwandten entwickelt; nebst einer systematischen Uebersicht aller zeither beschriebenen Arten. Berlin: Reimer.
Chernyshev, B.I. 1948. New representative of Merostomata from the Lower Carboniferous. State University of Kiev, Geological Collections 2: 119–130.
Dunlop, J.A., and M. Poschmann. 1997. On the Emsian (Lower Devonian) arthropods of the Rhenish Schiefergebirge: 1. Xenarachne, an enigmatic arachnid from Willwerath Germany. Paläontologische Zeitschrift 71: 231–236.
Dunlop, J.A., D. Penney, and D. Jekel, 2020. A summary list of fossil spiders and their relatives. In World spider catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. (online at https://wsc.nmbe.ch, version 20.5, accessed on February 2020).
Heymons, R. 1901. Die Entwicklungsgeschichte der Skolopender. Zoologica 13(33): 1–244.
Jordan, H., and H. von Meyer. 1854. Ueber die Crustaceen der Steinkohlenformation von Saarbrücken. Palaeontographica 4: 1–15.
Kjellesvig-Waering, E.N. 1951. Downtonian (Silurian) Eurypterida from Perton, near Stoke Edith, Herefordshire. Geological Magazine 88: 1–24.
Kjellesvig-Waering, E.N. 1961. The Silurian Eurypterida of the Welsh Borderland. Journal of Paleontology 35: 789–835.
Kjellesvig-Waering, E.N., and W.P. Leutze. 1966. Eurypterids from the Silurian of West Virginia. Journal of Paleontology 40: 1109–1122.
Lamsdell, J.C. 2011. The eurypterid Stoermeropterus conicus from the Lower Silurian of the Pentland Hills, Scotland. Monograph of the Palaeontographical Society London 165(636): 1–84.
Lamsdell, J.C. 2019. A chasmataspidid affinity for the putative xiphosuran Kiaeria Størmer, 1934. PalZ. Paläontologische Zeitschrift. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12542-019-00493-8.
Lamsdell, J.C., and P.A. Selden. 2013. Babes in the wood—a unique window into sea scorpion ontogeny. BMC Evolutionary Biology 13: 98.
Müller, P. 2011. Fossilien aus dem Westerwälder Devon und Karbon. Der Aufschluss 62: 219–239.
Poschmann, M. 2006. The eurypterid Adelophthalmus sievertsi (Chelicerata: Eurypterida) from the Lower Devonian (Emsian) Klerf Formation of Willwerath, Germany. Palaeontology 49: 67–82.
Poschmann, M. 2008. Von Zwergen und Riesen – Seeskorpione aus dem Unterdevon der Fossillagerstätte Willwerath. Heimatkalender Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm 2009: 80–86.
Poschmann, M. 2015. Sea scorpions (Chelicerata, Eurypterida) from the Lower Devonian (Siegenian) of the Lahrbach Valley/Westerwald area (SW Germany, Rhineland-Palatinate). Paläontologische Zeitschrift 89: 783–793.
Poschmann, M., and O.E. Tetlie. 2004. On the Emsian (Early Devonian) arthropods of the Rhenish Slate Mountains: 4. The eurypterids Alkenopterus and Vinetopterus n. gen. (Arthropoda: Chelicerata). Senckenbergiana lethaea 84: 173–193.
Poschmann, M., and O.E. Tetlie. 2006. On the Emsian (Lower Devonian) arthropods of the Rhenish Slate Mountains: 5. Rare and poorly known eurypterids from Willwerath Germany. Paläontologische Zeitschrift 80: 325–343.
Ruedemann, R. 1921. A recurrent Pittsford (Salina) fauna. New York State Museum Bulletin 219(220): 205–215.
Salter, J.W. 1856. On some new Crustacea from the uppermost Silurian Rocks. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society 12: 26–34.
Sarle, C.J. 1903. A new eurypterid fauna from the base of the Salina of western New York. New York State Museum Bulletin 69: 1080–1108.
Selden, P.A. 1981. Functional morphology of the prosoma of Baltoeurypterus tetragonophthalmus (Fischer) (Chelicerata: Eurypterida). Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Earth Sciences 72: 9–48.
Størmer, L. 1934. A new eurypterid from the Saaremaa-(Oesel-) beds in Estonia. Sitzungsberichte der Naturforscher-Gesellschaft bei der Universität Tartu 40(3–4): 3–9.
Størmer, L. 1936. Eurypteriden aus dem Rheinischen Unterdevon. Abhandlungen der Preußischen Geologischen Landesanstalt, Neue Folge 175: 1–74.
Størmer, L. 1955. Merostomata. In Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part P, Arthropoda 2, ed. R.C. Moore, P1–P41. Boulder, Colo.: Geological Society of America and Lawrence, Kans.: University of Kansas Press.
Størmer, L. 1969. Eurypterids from the Lower Devonian of Willwerath, Eifel. Senckenbergiana lethaea 50: 21–35.
Størmer, L. 1973. Arthropods from the Lower Devonian (Lower Emsian) of Alken an der Mosel, Germany. Part 3: Eurypterida Hughmilleriidae. Senckenbergiana lethaea 54: 119–205.
Størmer, L. 1974. Arthropods from the Lower Devonian (Lower Emsian) of Alken an der Mosel, Germany. Part 4: Eurypterida, Drepanopteridae, and other groups. Senckenbergiana lethaea 54: 359–451.
Tetlie, O.E. 2006. Eurypterida (Chelicerata) from the Welsh Borderlands, England. Geological Magazine 143: 723–735.
Tetlie, O.E., and M. Poschmann. 2008. Phylogeny and palaeoecology of the Adelophthalmoidea (Arthropoda; Chelicerata; Eurypterida). Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 6: 237–249.
Tetlie, O.E., and P. Van Roy. 2006. A reappraisal of Eurypterus dumonti Stainier, 1917 and its position within the Adelophthalmidae Tollerton, 1989. Bulletin de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Sciences de la Terre 76: 79–90.
Tetlie, O.E., P.A. Selden, and D. Ren. 2007. A new Silurian eurypterid (Arthropoda: Chelicerata) from China. Palaeontology 50: 619–625.
Tollerton Jr., V.P. 1989. Morphology, taxonomy, and classification of the order Eurypterida Burmeister, 1843. Journal of Paleontology 63: 642–657.
Acknowledgements
I thank Peter Müller (Freilingen), Dr. Klaus-Werner Wenndorf (Braubach), Dr. Herbert Lutz and Thomas Engel (both Landessammlung für Naturkunde Mainz) for providing access to specimens in their care. The thorough and helpful reviews of Drs. Jason A. Dunlop (Berlin) and James C. Lamsdell (Morgantown) and the comments of the editors Drs. Joachim T. Haug and Mike Reich (both Munich) served to improve the manuscript. I am grateful to all these people.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Handling Editor: Joachim T. Haug.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Poschmann, M.J. A new sea scorpion (Arthropoda, Eurypterida) from the Early Devonian of Willwerath (Rhineland-Palatinate, SW Germany). PalZ 95, 17–26 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12542-020-00519-6
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12542-020-00519-6