Abstract
The localized corrosion behavior of Al-Cu and Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloys was investigated in a naturally aerated 0.6 M NaCl solution by in situ observations and electrochemical techniques. The combined roles of Ag and Mg in affecting the corrosion resistance of Al-Cu alloys were observed using electron probe microanalysis and scanning Kelvin probe force microscopy. Results prove that Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloy exhibits a weaker susceptibility to pitting attack than Al-Cu alloy. Such difference is ascribed to Ag and Mg atoms dissolved in Al matrix that increase the potential of the Al matrix, resulting in a smaller potential difference between the Al2Cu particles and Al matrix, that is, a weaker galvanic corrosion couple.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
W. Xu, J. Liu, G. Luan, and C. Dong, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welded Joints in 2219-T6 Aluminum Alloy, Mater. Des., 2009, 30, p 3460–3467
W. Xu and J. Liu, Microstructure and Pitting CORROSION of Friction Stir Welded Joints in 2219-O Aluminum Alloy Thick Plate, Corros. Sci., 2009, 51, p 2743–2751
J. Kang, Z. Feng, G.S. Frankel, J. Li, G. Zou, and A. Wu, Effect of Precipitate Evolution on the Pitting Corrosion of Friction Stir Welded Joints of an Al-Cu Alloy, Corrosion, 2016, 72, p 719–731
C.H. Chang, S.L. Lee, J.C. Lin, M.S. Yeh, and R.R. Jeng, Effect of Ag Content and Heat Treatment on the Stress Corrosion Cracking of Al-4.6 Cu-0.3 Mg Alloy, Mater. Chem. Phys., 2005, 91, p 454–462
A.M. Al-Obaisi, E.A. El-Danaf, A.E. Ragab, and M.S. Soliman, Precipitation Hardening and Statistical Modeling of the Aging Parameters and Alloy Compositions in Al-Cu-Mg-Ag Alloys, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2016, 25(6), p 2432–2444
M. Gazizov and R. Kaibyshev, Effect of Pre-straining on the Aging Behavior and Mechanical Properties of an Al-Cu-Mg-Ag Alloy, Mater. Sci. Eng., A, 2015, 625, p 119–130
S. Bai, X. Zhou, Z. Liu, P. Ying, M. Liu, and S. Zeng, Atom Probe Tomography Study of Mg-Dependent Precipitation of Ω Phase in Initial Aged Al-Cu-Mg-Ag Alloys, Mater. Sci. Eng., A, 2015, 637, p 183–188
S.J. Kang, J.M. Zuo, H.N. Han, and M. Kim, Ab Initio Study of Growth Mechanism of Omega Precipitates in Al-Cu-Mg-Ag Alloy and Similar Systems, J. Alloys Compd., 2018, 737, p 207–212
A. Balbo, A. Frignani, V. Grassi, and F. Zucchi, Electrochemical Behaviour of AA2198 and AA2139 in Neutral Solutions, Mater. Corros., 2015, 66, p 796–802
J.A. Moreto, C.E.B. Marino, W.W. BoseFilho, L.A. Rocha, and J.C.S. Fernandes, SVET, SKP and EIS Study of the Corrosion Behaviour of High Strength Al and Al-Li Alloys Used in Aircraft Fabrication, Corros. Sci., 2014, 84, p 30–41
I.L. Muller and J.R. Galvele, Pitting Potential of High Purity Binary Aluminium Alloys-I: Al-Cu Alloys—Pitting and Intergranular Corrosion, Corros. Sci., 1977, 17, p 179–193
D.A. Little, B.J. Connolly, and J.R. Scully, An Electrochemical Framework to Explain the Intergranular Stress Corrosion Behavior in Two Al-Cu-Mg-Ag Alloys as a Function of Aging, Corros. Sci., 2007, 49, p 347–372
J.J. Pang, F.C. Liu, J. Liu, M.J. Tan, and D.J. Blackwood, Friction Stir Processing of Aluminium Alloy AA7075: Microstructure, Surface Chemistry and Corrosion Resistance, Corros. Sci., 2016, 106, p 217–228
S.K. Kairy, B. Rouxel, J. Dumbre, J. Lamb, T.J. Langan, T. Dorin, and N. Birbilis, Simultaneous Improvement in Corrosion Resistance and Hardness of a Model 2xxx Series Al-Cu Alloy with the Microstructural Variation Caused by Sc and Zr Additions, Corros. Sci., 2019, 158, p 108095
R. Correa, H. Sánchez, and J.A. Calderón, Improvement of Micro-hardness and Electrochemical Properties of Al-4% Cu-0.5% Mg Alloy by Ag Addition, Rev. Fac. Univ. Antioquia, 2011, 61, p 19–28
H. Ezuber, A. El-Houd, and F. El-Shawesh, A Study on the Corrosion Behavior of Aluminum Alloys in Seawater, Mater. Des., 2008, 29, p 801–805
A.B. Cook, Z. Barrett, S.B. Lyon, H.N. McMurray, J. Walton, and G. Williams, Calibration of the Scanning Kelvin Probe Force Microscope under Controlled ENVIRONMENTAL Conditions, Electrochim. Acta, 2012, 66, p 100–105
D.S. Kharitonov, C. Örnek, P.M. Claesson, J. Sommertune, I.M. Zharskii, I.I. Kurilo, and J. Pan, Corrosion Inhibition of Aluminum Alloy AA6063-T5 by Vanadates: Microstructure Characterization and Corrosion Analysis, J. Electrochem. Soc., 2018, 165, p C116–C126
R. Grilli, M.A. Baker, J.E. Castle, B. Dunn, and J.F. Watts, Localized Corrosion of a 2219 Aluminium Alloy Exposed to a 3.5% NaCl Solution, Corros. Sci., 2010, 52, p 2855–2866
J. Li and J. Dang, A Summary of Corrosion Properties of Al-Rich Solid Solution and Secondary Phase Particles in Al Alloys, Metals, 2017, 7, p 1–19
X.Y. Liu, Q.L. Pan, Z.L. Lu, S.F. Cao, Y.B. He, and W.B. Li, Effects of Solution Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al-Cu-Mg-Ag Alloy, Mater. Des., 2010, 31, p 4392–4397
K.S. Ghosh and K. Tripati, Microstructural Characterization and Electrochemical Behavior of AA2014 Al-Cu-Mg-Si Alloy of Various Tempers, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2018, 27, p 5926–5937
T.B. Massalski, H. Okamoto, P.R. Subramanian, and L. Kacparzak, Binary Alloy Phase Diagrams ASM International, Mater Park, 1990, 3, p 1442–1446
S.S. Wang, H.L. Yang, J.T. Yang, J.F. Jiang, S.L. Chen, D.N. Dai, G.S. Seidman, L. Frankel, and L. Zhen, Effect of Cu Content and Aging Conditions on Pitting Corrosion Damage of 7xxx Series Aluminum Alloys, J. Electrochem. Soc., 2015, 162, p C150–C160
Y. Jin, M. Liu, C. Zhang, C. Leygraf, L. Wen, and J. Pan, First-Principle Calculation of Volta Potential of Intermetallic Particles in Aluminum Alloys and Practical Implications, J. Electrochem. Soc., 2017, 164, p C465–C473
R. Arrabal, B. Mingo, A. Pardo, M. Mohedano, E. Matykina, and I. Rodríguez, Pitting Corrosion of Rheocast A356 Aluminium Alloy in 3.5 wt.% NaCl Solution, Corros. Sci., 2013, 73, p 342–355
J. Li, B. Hurley, and R. Buchheit, Effect of Temperature on the Localized Corrosion of AA2024-T3 and the Electrochemistry of Intermetallic Compounds during Exposure to a Dilute NaCl Solution, Corrosion, 2016, 72, p 1281–1291
D.K. Xu, N. Birbilis, D. Lashansky, P.A. Rometsch, and B.C. Muddle, Effect of Solution Treatment on the Corrosion Behaviour of Aluminium Alloy AA7150: Optimisation for Corrosion Resistance, Corros. Sci., 2011, 53, p 217–225
Y. Zhu, K. Sun, and G.S. Frankel, Intermetallic Phases in Aluminum Alloys and Their Roles in Localized Corrosion, J. Electrochem. Soc., 2018, 165, p C807–C820
Y.C. Lin, G. Liu, M.S. Chen, Y.C. Huang, Z.G. Chen, X. Ma, Y.Q. Jiang, and J. Li, Corrosion Resistance of a Two-Stage Stress-Aged Al-Cu-Mg Alloy: Effects of Stress-Aging Temperature, J. Alloys Compd., 2016, 657, p 855–865
D. Zhu and W.J. van Ooij, Corrosion Protection of AA 2024-T3 by Bis-(Ref 3-(triethoxysilyl) propyl) Tetrasulfide in Neutral Sodium Chloride Solution, Part 1: Corrosion of AA 2024-T3, Corros. Sci., 2003, 45, p 2163–2175
J. Kang, R. Fu, G. Luan, C. Dong, and M. He, In-Situ Investigation on the Pitting Corrosion Behavior of Friction Stir Welded Joint of AA2024-T3 Aluminium Alloy, Corros. Sci., 2010, 52, p 620–626
B. Wang, J. Liu, M. Yin, Y. Xiao, X.H. Wang, and J.X. He, Comparison of Corrosion Behavior of Al-Mn and Al-Mg Alloys in Chloride Aqueous Solution, Mater. Corros., 2016, 67, p 51–59
A. Bakkar and V. Neubert, Corrosion Characterisation of Alumina–Magnesium Metal Matrix Composites, Corros. Sci., 2007, 49, p 1110–1130
S. Han, S. Mu, and J. Du, Effects of Ce and Y on Modification and Corrosion Behavior of Mg-0.8% Si Alloy: A Correlation Study, Corrosion, 2019, 75, p 1100–1109
M. Trueba and S.P. Trasatti, Study of Al Alloy Corrosion in Neutral NaCl by the Pitting Scan Technique, Mater. Chem. Phys., 2010, 121, p 523–533
U. Trdan and J. Grum, Evaluation of Corrosion Resistance of AA6082-T651 Aluminium Alloy After Laser Shock Peening by Means of Cyclic Polarisation and ElS Methods, Corros. Sci., 2012, 59, p 324–333
C. Li, Q. Pan, Y. Shi, Y. Wang, and B. Li, Influence of Aging Temperature on Corrosion Behavior of Al-Zn-Mg-Sc-Zr Alloy, Mater. Des., 2014, 55, p 551–559
S.C. Ferreira, L.A. Rocha, E. Ariza, P.D. Sequeira, Y. Watanabe, and J.C.S. Fernandes, Corrosion Behaviour of Al/Al3Ti and Al/Al3Zr Functionally Graded Materials Produced by Centrifugal Solid-Particle Method: Influence of the Intermetallics Volume Fraction, Corros. Sci., 2011, 53, p 2058–2065
H. Shi, E.H. Han, and F. Liu, Corrosion Protection of Aluminium Alloy 2024-T3 in 0.05 M NaCl by Cerium Cinnamate, Corros. Sci., 2011, 53, p 2374–2384
K. Jafarzadeh, T. Shahrabi, and M.G. Hosseini, EIS Study on Pitting Corrosion of AA5083-H321 Aluminum-Magnesium Alloy in Stagnant 3.5% NaCl Solution, J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2008, 24, p 215–219
Acknowledgments
The authors are grateful for the financial support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFB0300900), the National Key Fundamental Research Project of China (2012CB619506-3) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (51171209).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wang, J., Liu, Z., Bai, S. et al. Combined Effect of Ag and Mg Additions on Localized Corrosion Behavior of Al-Cu Alloys with High Cu Content. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 29, 6108–6117 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-020-05072-6
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-020-05072-6