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Mineral chemistry of high-Al chromian spinel from ultramafic rocks of the Babina–Prithvipur transect, Bundelkhand Craton, central India: Implication for petrogenesis and tectonic setting

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Abstract

Bundelkhand Craton is an important Archaean cratonic nuclei of the Central Indian Shield and comprises two greenstone complexes, i.e., the Babina–Mauranipur Greenstone Belt and the Girar–Madawara Greenstone Belt. The E–W trending Babina–Mauranipur Greenstone Belt in the central part of the craton, encloses several isolated lensoid shaped ultramafic bodies which has suffered various degrees of alteration and metamorphism. As per modal mineral analysis, the ultramafic rocks of the Babina–Prithvipur section belong to harzburgite and also contain high-Al chromian spinel along with olivine, ortho-pyroxene and amphibole. Mineral chemistry reveals that the spinels are of high Al and Cr poor variety, where Al2O3 and Cr2O3 contents range from 40.06 to 54.34 wt.% and 9.05 to 14.89 wt.%, respectively. The TiO2 content is extremely low (average ≈0.07 wt.%). The Cr# value of the spinel is <0.2, whereas Mg# ranges from 0.495 to 0.633. The forsterite contents of the olivine ranges from 86.088 to 88.105 wt.%. Average CaO and NiO contents of the olivine stand 0.03 and 0.24 wt.%, respectively. Composition of the analyzed ortho-pyroxene belongs to En84.20–87.75Wo0.15–0.39 with low CaO content of 0.080 to 0.207 wt.%. As per mineral chemistry, these harzburgite rocks of the Babina–Prithvipur section belong to mantle peridotite. Melt calculation for the spinel also suggests a least differentiated magmatic product, which is also supported by the olivine spinel mantle array diagram as all the samples are plotted within the mantle array field very close to the fertile mantle source. Low TiO2 and high Al contents of spinel also reflect the MORB type peridotite characteristics for these ultramafic rocks which probably originated from least differentiated plagioclase free mantle derived harzburgite/lherzolitic magma in a rift related spreading centre. As a whole these ultramafic rocks appear to be the remnant of the early crust that existed during the Archaean time.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the Director, National Institute of Technology, Raipur for providing necessary facilities to carry out this work. The first author (AS) is thankful to NIT, Raipur for the financial assistance in the form of Institutional Fellowship. Prof. N V Chalapathi Rao is also acknowledged for extending the EPMA facility. The authors are thankful to Dr K R Hari for guidance and constant encouragement. Thanks are also due to anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and valuable suggestions which improved the manuscript.

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  1. Department of Applied Geology, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, 492 010, India

    Abinash Sahu & Neeraj Vishwakarma

  2. Centre for Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences, Earth Science Building, University of Hyderabad, P.O. Central University, Dr. C.R. Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad, 500 046, India

    Yamuna Singh

  3. Resource Planning Department, NMDC Limited, 10-3-311/A, Khanij Bhavan, Masab Tank, Hyderabad, 500 028, India

    C B Verma

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Sahu, A., Vishwakarma, N., Singh, Y. et al. Mineral chemistry of high-Al chromian spinel from ultramafic rocks of the Babina–Prithvipur transect, Bundelkhand Craton, central India: Implication for petrogenesis and tectonic setting. J Earth Syst Sci 129, 182 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-020-01448-3

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