Abstract
Aim
Selenium (Se) can induce stress in plants. Our main purpose is to assess the effect of a biostimulant, based on hetero-polyoxometalates mixed with humic acids, on Se bio-fortified wheat plants. Secondly, to evaluate a possible modification of the Se species in the plant tissues and to investigate the response of phytohormones.
Method
Wheat plants were grown hydroponically and exposed to either selenite (Se(IV)), selenate (Se(VI)) or a mixture of both species (Se(MIX)) in the presence or absence of the biostimulant (foliar, FA; or root application, RA). Biomass, mineral nutrient concentration, phytohormones and Se speciation were investigated.
Results
The biostimulant FA did not modify the plant biomass but RA significantly increased the root biomass in all treatments as well as the shoot biomass of plants exposed to Se(VI) and Se(MIX) even when both modes of application caused a severe reduction of IAA levels in shoots. The biostimulant accelerated the translocation of Se from roots to shoots in the presence of Se(VI) and Se(MIX), and it only had a noticeable influence on the Se speciation in roots, but not significant in shoots. X-ray absorption spectroscopy allowed to identify organic Se as the main Se species formed in the shoots. The biostimulant has a mild effect on the Se speciation.
Conclusion
The biostimulant has a remarkable influence on both the uptake and accumulation of certain mineral nutrients and the plant metabolism by increasing the biomass under Se exposure. This indicates the potential of this biostimulant that also will prevent the possible Se-induced plant stress.
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Abbreviations
- Deuterated IAA:
-
Indole-2,4,5,6,7-d5–3-Acetic Acid
- FA:
-
Biostimulant Foliar Application
- HPAs:
-
Hybrid hetero-polyanions
- IAA:
-
Indole-3-Acetic Acid
- IBA:
-
Indole-3-Butyric Acid
- IPyA:
-
Indole-3-Pyruvic Acid
- LCF:
-
Linear Combination Fitting
- NB:
-
No Biostimulant application
- No Se:
-
No Selenium supply
- RA:
-
Biostimulant Root Application
- Se(IV):
-
Selenite
- Se(VI):
-
Selenate
- Se(MIX):
-
50% Selenite +50% Selenate in molar content
- SeMet:
-
SelenoMethionine
- SeCyst:
-
SelenoCystine
- SeCys:
-
SelenoCysteine
- SeMeCys:
-
Se-MethylCysteine
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Acknowledgements
We acknowledge ALBA synchrotron facility for beamtime no. 2017092430 at BL22-CLAESS beamline and Rosa Padilla from the plant physiology unit for her support. This research was supported by the Spanish CTM2015-65414-C2-1-R project from MINECO. Roberto Boada acknowledges funding support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 665919. Tingting Xiao acknowledges the grant from China Scholarship Council (201608330235).
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T.X. contributed to the experimental design and setup, lab processing of samples, data analysis, manuscript writing and discussion. M.V. and M.L. contributed equally to the experimental design, data interpretation and in the writing and discussion of the manuscript. R.B. contributed to XANES data analysis and interpretation as well as manuscript writing and discussion. C.M. contributed to the development of the XAS experiments at ALBA synchrotron. All authors read and approved the manuscript.
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Xiao, T., Boada, R., Marini, C. et al. Influence of a plant biostimulant on the uptake, distribution and speciation of Se in Se-enriched wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Pinzón). Plant Soil 455, 409–423 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-020-04686-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-020-04686-y