Flavonoids with chemotaxonomic significance from Cajanus scarabaeoides

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bse.2020.104136Get rights and content

Highlights

  • Six compounds (16) were first isolated from C. scarabaeoides.

  • It is the first report of isolation of compounds 3 and 6 from the genus Cajanus.

  • This is the first chemical investigation of C. scarabaeoides.

  • These compounds provide evidence for chemotaxonomic studies of C. scarabaeoides and the genus Cajanus.

Abstract

Phytochemical investigation of Cajanus scarabaeoides (L.) Thouars (Fabaceae) led to the isolation of six compounds. The chemical structures of all compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods. All isolates were reported from this species for the first time. The presence of these compounds is consistent with the chemical classes reported from other members of the genus Cajanus. In summary, this study reported six compounds isolated from Cajanus scarabaeoides and discussed the plant chemotaxonomy of Cajanus genus.

Section snippets

Subject and source

The Cajanus genus (Fabaceae) consists of 34 species distributed across Africa, Asia, and Australasia. Only two species in this genus are found in Taiwan. One is C. scarabaeoides (L.) Thouars, a twinning herb, which is mainly located in India, Taiwan, Madagascar, Malaysia, and mainland China (Editorial Committee of flora of Taiwan, 1994). The whole plant has traditionally been used to treat diseases including night fever, kidney stones, eye disease, dropsy, anemia, and gonorrhea (Ray and

Previous work

No previous reports are available on the chemical composition of C. scarabaeoides.

Present study

The dried whole plant of C. scarabaeoides (1.23 kg) was extracted repeatedly with MeOH at room temperature. The combined extract was concentrated under reduced pressure to a residue, which was then suspended in water and partitioned between ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and water to obtain aqueous and EtOAc extracts. The EtOAc extract (33 g) was then repartitioned with n-hexane and 80% MeOH (1:1, v/v) to produce an n-hexane extract (14 g) and MeOH extract (17 g). The MeOH extract was fractionated on a

Chemotaxonomic significance

This paper reported the isolation of six compounds, one isoflavone glycoside (4) and five flavone glycosides (13, 5, 6), from the extract of C. scarabaeoides. To our knowledge, compounds 16 were reported as the first isolates from this species, and compounds 3 and 6 were the first time identified from the genus Cajanus (see Fig. 1).

To date, only one other species of Cajanus genus, C. cajan (L.) Millsp., has been phytochemically investigated. Various flavonoids were identified from C. cajan

CRediT authorship contribution statement

Yu-Hsuan Lan: Conceptualization, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Investigation, Methodology. Yi-Ting Chiang: Funding acquisition, Methodology. I-Ling Lin: Project administration. Shyh-Shyun Huang: Resources. Yi-Hui Lin: Visualization, Project administration, Investigation. Yu-Chi Lin: Validation, Investigation.

Declaration of competing interest

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Acknowledgements

The investigation was supported by a research grant from China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan (CMU108-MF-89) and Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (MOST108-2320-B-039-056-).

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