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Influence of T-, C- and S- cytoplasms on male sterility and their utilisation in baby corn hybrid breeding

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Abstract

Baby corn has become a popular dietary choice worldwide. Here, we evaluated the potential of different male sterility systems as a tool to save cost for manual detasseling in baby corn. 24 hybrids having fertile (N-) and different sterile (T-, C- and S-) cytoplasms were analyzed for pollen sterility and various baby corn traits under three dates of sowing. ANOVA revealed significant genetic variation for number of baby corn ears, baby corn yield, length and width of baby corn ears, fodder weight and silking time. Cytoplasm and date of sowing caused significant variation for majority of baby corn characters. All the T-cytoplasm based hybrids showed no exertion of anthers and complete sterility except in one combination. C-cytoplasm based hybrids showed no to partial anther exertion and complete sterility to partial fertility of pollen. The S-type cytoplasm was quite unstable and showed partial to complete anther exertion and pollen fertility. Across hybrids and sowing time, T-cytoplasm had the highest number of baby corn ears per plot (61.83) and baby corn weight (2659.61 kg/ha) than C-cytoplasm (58.61, 2460.17 kg/ha), N-cytoplasm (57.39, 2323.08 kg/ha) and S-cytoplasm (56.83, 2301.89 kg/ha). The highest baby corn ear -length (8.82 cm), -diameter (1.48 cm), and fodder weight (35.07 t/ha) were recorded in T-cytoplasm. Late sowing had positive effects on baby corn over early planting. This information provides great significance for the utilization of male sterility in baby corn breeding. This is the first report on effects of different male sterility systems as a potential genetic emasculation mechanism in baby corn cultivation.

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Acknowledgements

The first author is thankful to Indian Council of Agricultural Research for providing financial assistance through Junior Research Fellowship during the M.Sc. programme. The support of ICAR-IIMR-Winter Nursery Centre, Hyderabad for providing off-season nursery is duly acknowledged. Thanks are due to Maize Genetics Cooperation Stock Center, Urbana, USA for providing the source germplasm for different male sterility systems. We also thank CCS-HAU, Uchani for providing the parental lines of HM4 and HM8 hybrids.

Funding

The financial support, and field and lab facilities provided by ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi are gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India

    Saikat Pal, Rajkumar Uttamrao Zunjare, Vignesh Muthusamy, Hriipluou Duo, Munegowda Manoj Gowda, Prolay Kumar Bhowmick, Ravindra Kasana, Vinay Bhatt & Firoz Hossain

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  1. Saikat Pal
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  2. Rajkumar Uttamrao Zunjare
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  3. Vignesh Muthusamy
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  4. Hriipluou Duo
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  5. Munegowda Manoj Gowda
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  6. Prolay Kumar Bhowmick
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  7. Ravindra Kasana
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  8. Vinay Bhatt
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  9. Firoz Hossain
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Contributions

Conduct of experiments: SP; Development of hybrids: RUZ; Phenotypic data recording: HD and MGM; Pollen fertility study: SP and PKB; Raising of trials: RK, VB and VM; Statistical analyses: VM; Manuscript preparation: SP, VM and FH; Design of experiments: VM and FH.

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Correspondence to Vignesh Muthusamy.

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Pal, S., Zunjare, R.U., Muthusamy, V. et al. Influence of T-, C- and S- cytoplasms on male sterility and their utilisation in baby corn hybrid breeding. Euphytica 216, 146 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-020-02682-y

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