Abstract
An analysis of complex dielectric permittivity and characteristic impedance of micromechanically tunable coplanar line is presented. The coplanar line parameters tuning is achieved by signal line electrode movement above the substrate or the dielectric plate above the surface of line electrodes. A reconfiguration of electromagnetic field with complex nature occurs as a result of such movement in the line. It is described in terms of effective permittivity and characteristic impedance. We studied an influence of physical and geometrical parameters of the line on characteristics of effective permittivity tuning and change in characteristic impedance and line loss. It is found that proposed method for line tuning parameters allows us to obtain a high sensitivity to movement for effective parameters, wherein the level of losses in the line is not deteriorated, and under certain conditions are reduced. These results make it possible to design high-quality tunable resonant elements and phase shifters based on micromechanically controlled coplanar line.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Y. Yamao, N. Akutsu, "SHF-band 3-bit reconfigurable BPF employing pHEMT switch arrays for 5G multiband operation," in Proceedings of European Microwave Conference in Central Europe, EuMCE 2019. URI: https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/8874847.
J. Zhu, C. Jia, C. Wang, K. Li, "An adaptive spectrum allocation algorithm in ultra-dense network," in 2018 10th International Conference on Communication Software and Networks, ICCSN 2018 (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCSN.2018.8488267.
M. Kamran Khattak, S. Kahng, M. Salman Khattak, A. Rehman, C. Lee, D. Han, "Low profile, wideband and high gain beamsteering antenna for 5G mobile communication," in 2017 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, Proceedings (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/APUSNCURSINRSM.2017.8073330.
F. C. Chen, R. S. Li, J. P. Chen, "A tunable dual-band bandpass-to-bandstop filter using p-i-n diodes and varactors," IEEE Access, v.6, p.46058 (2018). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2862887.
A. M. E. Safwat, F. Podevin, P. Ferrari, A. Vilcot, "Tunable bandstop defected ground structure resonator using reconfigurable dumbbell-shaped coplanar waveguide," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., v.54, n.9, p.3559 (2006). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2006.880654.
A. K. Horestani, Z. Shaterian, J. Naqui, F. Martin, C. Fumeaux, "Reconfigurable and tunable S-shaped split-ring resonators and application in band-notched UWB antennas," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., v.64, n.9, p.3766 (2016). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2016.2585183.
P. Jinde, S. M. Rathod, A. D. Chaudhari, A. Jeyakumar, "Optically controlled circular microstrip antenna using photoconductive switch," in 2017 4th IEEE Uttar Pradesh Section International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Electronics, UPCON 2017 (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/UPCON.2017.8251071.
H. V. Nguyen, A. Sharaiha, "Design of miniaturized and tunable antenna by integrating BST thin film varactor," in International Conference on Advanced Technologies for Communications (IEEE Computer Society). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ATC.2018.8587467.
A. F. Azarnaminy, R. Mansour, "A combline tunable filter with loss compensation circuit," in IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/MWSYM.2018.8439360.
D. Mercier, A. Niembro-Martin, H. Sibuet, C. Baret, J. Chautagnat, C. Dieppedale, C. Bonnard, J. Guillaume, G. Le Rhun, C. Billard, P. Gardes, P. Poveda, "X band distributed phase shifter based on sol-gel BCTZ varactors," in European Microwave Week 2017: “A Prime Year for a Prime Event”, EuMW 2017 - Conference Proceedings; 47th European Microwave Conference, EuMC 2017 (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.23919/EuMC.2017.8231072.
A. S. Abdellatif, M. Faraji-Dana, N. Ranjkesh, A. Taeb, M. Fahimnia, S. Gigoyan, S. Safavi-Naeini, "Low loss, wideband, and compact cpw-based phase shifter for millimeter-wave applications," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., v.62, n.12, p.3403 (2014). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2014.2365539.
Y. Poplavko, Y. Prokopenko, V. Pashkov, V. Molchanov, I. Golubeva, V. Kazmirenko, D. Smigin, "Low loss microwave piezo-tunable devices," in Proceedings of the 36th European Microwave Conference, EuMC 2006. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/EUMC.2006.281496.
T. W. Lin, K. K. Wei Low, R. Gaddi, G. M. Rebeiz, "High-linearity 5.3-7.0 GHz 3-pole tunable bandpass filter using commercial RF MEMS capacitors," in 2018 48th European Microwave Conference, EuMC 2018 (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.). DOI: https://doi.org/10.23919/EuMC.2018.8541669.
R. Garg, I. Bahl, M. Bozzi, Microstrip Lines and Slotlines (Artech House, Inc., Norwood, MA, 2013). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107415324.004.
E. A. Tsyba, I. P. Golubeva, V. Kazmirenko, Y. V. Prokopenko, "Complex effective dielectric permittivity of micromechanically tunable microstrip lines," Radioelectron. Commun. Syst., v.61, n.2, p.72 (2018). DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S0735272718020048.
A. S. Chernov, I. P. Golubeva, V. A. Kazmirenko, Y. V. Prokopenko, "Tunable coplanar waveguide," Microsystems, Electron. Acoust., v.23, n.6, p.13 (2018). DOI: https://doi.org/10.20535/2523-4455.2018.23.6.154565.
A. Chernov, I. Golubeva, V. Kazmirenko, Y. Prokopenko, "Losses in the micromechanically tunable coplanar waveguide based line," in 2020 IEEE 40th International Conference on Electronics and Nanotechnology (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), Kyiv). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/elnano50318.2020.9088764.
Y. M. Poplavko, Physics of Dielectrics (Vyssh. Shkola, Kiev, 1980).
A. I. Akhiezer, I. A. Akhiezer, Electromagnetism and Electromagnetic Waves (Vyssh. Shkola, Moscow, 1985).
A. D. Grygoryev, Electrodynamics and Microwave Technology (Vyssh. Shkola, Moscow, 1990).
Acknowledgements
Preliminary materials of this article were reported at the conference ELNANO-2020 (Kyiv, 2020): A. Chernov, I. Golubeva, V. Kazmirenko, Y. Prokopenko, "Losses in the micromechanically tunable coplanar waveguide based line," Proc. of 2020 IEEE 40th Int. Conf. on Electronics and Nanotechnology, ELNANO, 22-24 April 2020, Kyiv, Ukraine. IEEE, 2020. DOI: 10.1109/ELNANO50318.2020.9088764.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
A. S. Chernov, I. P. Golubeva, V. A. Kazmirenko, and Yu. V. Prokopenko
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
The initial version of this paper in Russian is published in the journal “Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii. Radioelektronika,” ISSN 2307-6011 (Online), ISSN 0021-3470 (Print) on the link http://radio.kpi.ua/article/view/S0021347020060011 with DOI: https://doi.org/10.20535/S0021347020060011
About this article
Cite this article
Chernov, A.S., Golubeva, I.P., Kazmirenko, V.A. et al. Complex Effective Dielectric Permittivity and Characteristic Impedance of Tunable Coplanar Line. Radioelectron.Commun.Syst. 63, 281–288 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3103/S0735272720060011
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3103/S0735272720060011