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Influence and interaction of iron and lead on seed germination in upland rice

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Abstract

Aims

Lead is a hazardous heavy metal pollutant present in the environment, and iron is an essential micronutrient with numerous cellular functions in normal physiology. However few studies have focused on the influence and interaction of lead and iron changes during plant growth. So the present study investigated the mechanism how lead and iron affected in upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) in order to clarify the relationship between iron and lead.

Methods

The seeds of upland rice were supplied with iron (Fe), lead (Pb), and Fe and Pb together, respectively. Then the seed germination, ion absorption, gibberellins (GAs) and abscisic acid (ABA) metabolism and sugar utilization were determined.

Results

Lead treatment delayed upland rice seed germination, deactivated GA, inhibited GA signal transduction and increased ABA synthesis in the seed. In addition, the soluble sugar concentration in seeds was reduced alongside reduction in the activity levels of α-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) and β-amylase (EC 3.2.1.2) during the earlier stages, but these increased in a time-dependent manner, reaching a stable level in response to lead-induced stress at 72 h. In contrast, iron alleviated the lead-induced changes in seed germination stage. Notably, the interaction between iron and lead increased GA signal transduction and inhibited ABA synthesis, whilst increasing starch hydrolysis and sugar consumption to augment rice seed germination.

Conclusions

The results suggest that iron (such as in iron fertilizers) may be promising additives for agricultural use, improving plant germination, whilst simultaneously reducing the toxicity of lead in widely contaminated soils.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Zhejiang Provincial Science and Technology Project (Grant No. 2018C02042) and Zhejiang Science and Technology Major Program on Agricultural (grain) New Variety Breeding (Grant No.2016C02050-6-03).

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  1. Forest Food Research Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, 310023, China

    Liling Wang, Bentong Liu, Yanbin Wang, Yuchuan Qin & Hua Qian

  2. School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China

    Yifeng Zhou

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  1. Liling Wang
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Wang, L., Liu, B., Wang, Y. et al. Influence and interaction of iron and lead on seed germination in upland rice. Plant Soil 455, 187–202 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-020-04680-4

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