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Design and synthesis of organic dyes with various donor groups: promising dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells

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Abstract

The present work is involved in the computational and experimental studies of organic dyes and their applications as dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). This comprised the study of three hydrazone-based sensitizers (E)-2-cyano-N′-((2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)methylene)acetohydrazide (CHMA), (E)-2-cyano-N′-(4-(dimethylamino)benzylidene)acetohydrazide (CDBA), (E)-N′-(anthracen-9-ylmethylene)-2-cyanoacetohydrazide (AMCH) that have been prepared and confirmed by means of several analytical procedures like Fourier transform infrared, UV–visible and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques to investigate the best possible selection for DSSCs by computational and experimental techniques. The computational methods are applied to optimize the structures of prepared organic dyes via density functional theory (DFT) method at B3LYP/6-311G(p,d) level of theory. The time-dependent DFT (TD-B3LYP/6-311G**) was used with and without solvent to find out the absorption spectra and matched with the experimental data and the electro-optical and reorganization energies of prepared dyes were further investigated. The results revealed that the prepared dyes would be better sensitizers for DSSCs because of small highest-occupied molecular orbital–lowest-unoccupied molecular orbital energy gap. Moreover, on the basis of the above results, we fabricated the devices via the doctor blade method to study the photovoltaic performance with the prepared dyes (CHMA, CDBA and AMCH). The dye AMCH exhibited the maximum efficiency with commercial TiO2.

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Acknowledgement

We thank King Abdul Aziz City of Science and Technology (KACST) for their financial support to Shuhrah Ali S Allami with Grant Number 1-17-01-010-0018.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia

    ABDULLAH G AL-SEHEMI, SHUHRAH ALI S ALLAMI & ABUL KALAM

  2. Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia

    ABDULLAH G AL-SEHEMI & ABUL KALAM

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  1. ABDULLAH G AL-SEHEMI
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Correspondence to ABUL KALAM.

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AL-SEHEMI, A.G., ALLAMI, S.A.S. & KALAM, A. Design and synthesis of organic dyes with various donor groups: promising dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells. Bull Mater Sci 43, 224 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-020-02198-0

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